"Such a kvass." There is not enough drinking water on the border with Europe

In the Kaliningrad region, a third of the sampling of drinking water taken from the water supply network does not comply with the standards, Rospotrebnadzor reports. The Guryevsky district is especially the closest to Kaliningrad , the inhabitants for decades are forced to use rusty water, with "iron" flakes. The correspondent of the North. Realia tried to figure out why the western Western region of Russia suffers from a lack of pure water and is there a chance that in the coming years the situation will change.

Guryevsk seven kilometers from Kaliningrad is an actively growing suburb. Each year, new microdistricts appear, and housing is still cheaper than in the regional center. Over the past ten years, the population of Guryevsk has doubled - up to almost twenty thousand people.

Irina and Vladimir Monastyrevsky arrived from Primorye and settled in the New Residence microdistrict at the entrance to the city. Decent improvement, playgrounds, near the gymnasium - a place, it would seem, close to the ideal. If not for one "but"-a "brown damp" is coming from under the tap.

- We did not know about this problem. We bought an apartment, made repairs, ”says Irina. - And our neighbors, local ones, they immediately put filters on the entrance, even during the repair. If we knew, we would also put professional filters for the whole apartment. And so we live here for the third year. Water has always been yellow, and recently in the morning and in the evening there is a crowned torture.

In the morning, Irina scored a bucket of water for upholding. On the surface after some time, a "metal" film was formed. On the fingers there remains orange "sand". It is definitely impossible to call it drinking water.

- We are pensioners, we sit at home, we can track when at times there is pure water, we immediately wash. And those who work - come running, they immediately turn on water, and they have washing machines, equipment. We drink water only after the filter. And pensioners? Those who have no money, he does not clean the water with a filter. Grandma lives here, I say: "How do you drink?" -"Yes, from under the crane, and eat it, but what to do." I say: "At least you defend her."

Okay, when the water is just yellow, but often it is “50 shades of orange”, says Danil Yidimechev , a resident of another district of Guryevsk, from Kokhodnaya Street.

- It happens that she is straight yellow, sorry, the colors of children's surprise. Neither washing nor even more it is impossible to cook. In addition, she stinks with hydrogen sulfide, as if someone was bewitched. Then the water will leak, all the garbage will go off these pipes, and more or less normal begins to flow, you can at least wash. And this is after the filter. Without a filter, I would not dare, all the more to wash children.

Without a filter, I would not dare, all the more to wash children

Danil and his family came from Almaty. And I learned about the problem with water after buying an apartment.

- Arrived - bang, water flows bad. He wrote in the "Guryevsky Vodokanal", they said that now we are changing pipes, this is an emission. Three months later, I understand that bad water is constantly flowing. I think: well, they change again, well, they repair, - recalls Danil. In the end, he had to put an entrance filter for water on the landing.

A professional cleaning system is a feature of many local apartments.
A resident of Guryevsk Sergey Slepchenko demonstrates a removable filter cartridge from his home - after two days of use, the cartridge became brown.

“Once every two months, the cartridge flies away, but in general they need to be changed more often, then the water becomes a taste,” says Sergey. - I knew that in Guryevsk there is a problem with water. When we bought an apartment, we made water tests and on the basis of this we put an incoming coarse cleaning filter, a coal filter and a huge barrel - a whole cleaning system for the apartment so that there are no problems with the bathroom or the sink. It cost about 60 thousand, ”said Sergey.

The content of iron in the Guryevsky water is almost twice the hygienic standards, hence the rusty color and metal flakes, says local resident, lawyer Vadim Filippov . As shown by the analyzes of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of the region made in 2020–2021, the total iron content in water is 0.58 mg/DM3 with a standard of 0.3 (the protocol of laboratory tests is at the disposal of the editorial office). Filippov arrived in Guryevsk four years ago from Vladimir. Dirty water with a "swamp" smell and red flakes was a complete surprise for him. And after studying the issue, the lawyer found out that the problem has not been solved for more than ten years.

The question arises: why then legislation and sanitary norms, if they are roughly ignored?

- I found out that there are already two court decisions on the issue of dirty water, dated 2010 and 2011, the Guryevsky District Court. Rospotrebnadzor was a lawsuit against the Guryevsky Vodokanal in the interests of an unlimited circle of persons. The court ordered the residents of the city in accordance with sanitary standards by his decisions. However, these solutions are not implemented to the present. The question arises: why then legislation and sanitary norms, if they are roughly ignored? I think that ignoring the decision of the courts is an anti -state position, ”the lawyer notes.

-We learned that the reconstruction of the water treatment station was scheduled for 2010, it did not occur, money was allocated, they left somewhere. All Guryevsk suffers from this problem, says Idimechev. - Why did they bring to such a situation? This did not happen in one year.

The administration of the Guryevsky district in social networks comments on the situation: the whole problem in the local water treatment station, which needs reconstruction. The authorities promised the reconstruction back in 2019, but the terms were delayed-they say, due to long approvals on the transfer of land and difficult procedures for coordinating technical documentation. Until now, the station project is only undergoing an examination. And residents will have to wait.

"The project has already been developed, they were given for examination. We calculate the positive conclusion at the end of November. After that, we will conduct a auction at the choice of the contractor. We hope that we will have time to carry out all the work before the end of the year," the administration press service said.

The whole problem is in the local water treatment station, which needs reconstruction, the head of the administration of the Guryevsky city district, Sergei Podolsky , said in response to a request from the North. The authorities promised the reconstruction back in 2019. But the deadlines dragged on. The administration says that this happened due to the "Redistribution and registration of land under the infrastructure facilities, the procedures for registering sanitary protection zones in Rosreestr and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Kaliningrad Region."

By the end of the year, the authorities expect to receive a positive conclusion from state examination, the reconstruction will begin in 2022.

According to laboratory tests, water complies with sanitary standards, but has increased (permissible) indicators for the content of iron and turbidity, assures Podolsky.

The city’s need for drinking water exceeds the possibility of treatment facilities

When asked why the court decision was not executed, he said that the Guryevsky Vodokanal began to enforce the court decisions immediately. " Dressing facilities designed back in 2006 and designed for 3,000 cubic meters per day were commissioned in 2012. Now they obviously cannot cope with the load - in recent years, the number of inhabitants in the area has increased by 80%, the load on the water treatment station has increased one and a half times.

“By the end of 2017, all the possibilities of treatment facilities were exhausted in passport performance. It is logical that the water treatment object began to work in the overloaded mode. The city’s need for drinking water exceeds the possibility of treatment facilities,” the head of the district writes in the response to the request of the North. Real.

There are not enough cranes for a year

Back in 2019, the head of the Rospotrebnadzor department, Elena Babura, said that 72% of the water that residents of the Guryevsky district receive is poor-quality in sanitary and chemical indicators. The water is unsuitable for drinking due to a large number of impurities of iron, Babur said, and promised to file claims in the interests of the inhabitants.

Not only Guryevsk suffers from the problem with water, but the entire area located around Kaliningrad. More than 60 thousand people live here.

“The same situation in the village of Ushakovo Guryevsky district. You have to buy water, even for washing light things, washing dishes ... And in the spring and summer, water not only leaves iron and paints with coffee color, but also smells of algae and fish,” residents write on social networks.

"In an apple tree, the water is the same, also with colloidal iron, the most difficult to clean, plus sand and scale, because the old water supply system. We have plastic pipes, but still water with sand and wounded. Old watering water was removed and connected directly to the pumps, it seems to be good (there is water), but it has become very rusty, sanitary vehicle every day, plumbing every day. We launder, and does not drink this water, only my everything is indignant, ”the locals are indignant .

We have a bath - the enamel was eaten completely, you won’t pull anything. There are not enough cranes for a year, corrosion is corroded

- We buy water in bottles, it is impossible to cook and wash. We wash, and where you go. You won’t go to the bathhouse endlessly, ”says pensioner Galina Vishneva , a resident of the village of Maloy Vasilkovo.

- They constantly tell us that they will make a water treatment station. About ten years we have been listening to promises, ” Irina Churilova is indignant. - We have an old water purification system. Initially, when it was done, the wrong metal was installed. My friend worked for my friend and said that then there was no metal, they put another, he was oxidized, the quality of water is changing. Promises are fed for a long time ago. We have a bath - the enamel has eaten completely, you won’t pull anything. There are not enough cranes for a year, corrosion is corroded. And washing machines, although there is a guarantee, but the manufacturer says that he is not responsible for our water.

The other day, the regional governor Anton Alikhanov said that the reconstruction of the water treatment station finally began in Vasilkov. It will last two years and provide high -quality water to the villages of Maloye Isakovo and Vasilkovo, in the future the nets will lay in Guryevsk. But residents, taught by bitter experience, are treated with such promises.

They can promise, and then say that there was not enough money

- Yes, they promised us that the reconstruction of the water treatment station began, but this is again an incomprehensible situation. They can promise, and then they will say that there wasn’t enough money, something did not work out, and again they will have to wait, ”said Natalya Shadrova , who lives in Vasilkov.

According to the law "On the Protection of Consumer Rights", people should not pay for such water. But it is not yet known about cases when the Guryevsky Vodokanal counted the fee for water, says Filippov. The lawyer turned to various state bodies, including the regional prosecutor’s office, and she brought to administrative responsibility two officials in the Guryevsk administration. True, without telling who exactly and under what article.

“All the assurances of the administration on the reconstruction of the available water treatment station are not carried out at the end of 2021, specific terms of work are unknown,” Filippov notes. He is going to file a lawsuit in order to recalculate the water fee. - My goal is the final one - so that pure water flowed from the tap. Vodokanal monthly charges money from people for drinking water, but in reality supplies dirt. Money is available for a lot, but the main and most important issues are ignored. Damage not only to health is caused, but also material damage is caused - household appliances, heating devices, gas equipment are broken. And this problem is mega -playing, it is the whole city.

Kvass instead of water

But the problem is even wider - residents of almost all areas of the Kaliningrad region suffer from poor -quality water. In January 2021, Governor Alikhanov called the water from the Kaliningraders crane "such a kvass." He said that annual expenses of one hundred million rubles for the region are clearly insufficient to solve the problem and it is necessary to attract federal funds.

The regional department of Rospotrebnadzor in the first half of 2021 checked the quality of drinking water in the settlements of the region and found that a third of the samples (33.3%) taken from the sources of central water supply does not comply with the standards for sanitary-chemical indicators.

The "main" problematic "territories where the quality of the quality of drinking water is much worse than the medium -region are rural settlements of the Guryevsky, Bagrationovsky urban districts, in which the system for cleaning drinking water is practically absent," the department said.

- In Baltiysk, the head of the trumpet that the city completely resolved the issue of supplying high -quality drinking water, made water cleaning stations, and certified wells. And when you begin to communicate with the inhabitants, they say: we are constantly out of order. There is no hot water, people use electric bibsers who break down in a year or two. In them, the heating spiral is all overwhelmed, all in the deposits of salts. The same thing happens with washing machines. All this speaks of low quality of water, ”notes the director of the regional public control center, expert on housing and communal services Sergey Sherstyuk . -There, almost every street on the walls of the houses hang devices that sell high-quality drinking water, few people drink water from the tap. But the water should be drinking and correspond to SNiP! Here, the main indicator is the opinion of people, and not individual "positive" water tests that the administration presented.

According to him, there are problems with pure water to one degree or another everywhere.

The wear of engineering networks, which in water supply networks, heating, about 60%

- I understand that Rospotrebnadzor cannot say that in our entire region it is bad with water, so it gives such numbers. But in almost all municipalities, and Kaliningrad is no exception, there are problems with water supply networks. Water pipes were laid even “under the king of peas”, 50-60 years ago, and in many municipalities they are still not replaced. Slowly they change them, but this is not enough. The wear of engineering networks, which in water supply networks, heating, is about 60%. And this figure fluctuates in each municipality plus or minus ten percent. The municipalities have no money, they depend on how much they will receive from the region. But the most complex municipalities are Guryevsky district, Zelenograd and Baltic city districts. They have a very serious problem, says Sherstyuk. - Often, in the old fashioned way at stations, water is cleaned with chlorine and hypochlorite, but the most modern and effective methods of disinfection are ozone and ultraviolet. About 50% of water networks in the region are German. Water, leaving the water treatment station, may well comply with SanPin. But passing through the worn pipes to the cranes of the inhabitants, it becomes tougher due to the raid accumulated in them.

In rural areas, residents of the region use wells, columns, and sometimes they just take water from rivers, the expert notes:

- In rural areas of water, fully prepared, there are very few, centralized water supply is also not enough. I would say that approximately 15–20 percent of the population in rural areas are not provided with quality water. People are provided to themselves, at their own peril and risk take water from wells, wells, from rivers and lakes. And this is unpeeled water, it has a large amount of iron. It is necessary to build a deflection stations.

Red water, iron flakes, smell - this is not all problems. According to Rospotrebnadzor, according to microbiological indicators, only 1.5% of samples do not comply with the standards. But people see even insects in the water from under the tap.

The problem is very serious and, we will honestly say, neglected

- A few years ago, in Gvardeysk, the living creatures were caught in general - when the bath was filled, all sorts of unknown origin of the beetle went. And there, according to my information, nothing radically changes. In order for something to change, it is necessary that the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Public Utilities be done more actively. The municipalities have no money. But the authorities are not actively involved in this issue, ”said Sherstyuk. - The problem is very serious and, we will be honest, neglected. Of the governors, no one-neither BOOS, nor Tsukanov (Georgy Boos and Nikolai Tsukanov, ex-governors of the Kaliningrad region.-with P) -did not pay serious attention to this issue. Alikhanov began to deal with this issue, and then I believe that under the pressure of the public and under the influence of negative reports of Rospotrebnadzor.

Показатели по обеспечению питьевой водой жителей Калининградской области на 2021 год не достигнуты – по плану должно было быть 89,4%, на деле есть 83%, сообщил Север.Реалии заместитель исполнительного директора Российской ассоциации водоснабжения и водоотведения (РАВВ) Георгий Самбурский .

– По городу ситуация чуть лучше, но тоже показатели не выполнены: должны были обеспечить 95,5% доброкачественной воды, а по факту 93,8%. Why did this happen? Достаточно простая история. Как мы знаем, питьевая вода зависит не только от водоподготовки, но и от качества воды в источнике и качества воды в сетях. У вас, наверное, процентов 60 сетей еще немецких лежат? Я нисколько не сомневаюсь, что вот это вторичное загрязнение является причиной того, что вода не соответствует качеству.

Помочь решить проблему с инфраструктурой должен федеральный проект "Чистая вода" , цель которого – повысить долю населения России, имеющего доступ к качественной питьевой воде из систем централизованного водоснабжения (уже в этом году – до 86%). Как утверждают разработчики, в 2021 году запланированы строительство и модернизация более 450 объектов питьевого водоснабжения и водоподготовки. Всего же будут сооружены и модернизированы более 2,2 тыс. объектов.

На все это выделено свыше 800 млн рублей на эти три года. Но это мизерная сумма

В Калининградской области к 2024 году обещают обеспечить хорошей питьевой водой 99% городского населения. На финансирование работ по "Чистой воде" выделено 882,4 млн рублей. Этого явно недостаточно, считает Сергей Шерстюк:

– Сейчас правительство Калининградской области только начало заниматься этим вопросом. По "Чистой воде" в 2022–2024 годах будет решен только ряд вопросов. В 2023 году в Янтарном будет построена станция водоподготовки, в 2021 году должна быть введена станция в Нивенском, в Багратионовском районе. На все это выделено свыше 800 миллионов рублей на эти три года. Но это мизерная сумма. Только для Гурьевского района, по оценкам специалистов администрации, требуется около 4,5 миллиардов рублей. Еще раньше Максим Федосеев (экс-министр ЖКХ и строительства региона. – СР ) говорил, что на то, чтобы привести в порядок все водопроводные сети, нужно около триллиона рублей. А тут представьте: выделено 800 миллионов. Да даже если миллиард, сколько лет надо затратить на приведение водопроводных сетей области в нормативное состояние? Уж точно, к 2024 году поставленных целей достичь не удастся.

Конкретно в Гурьевске на улучшение качества воды будет потрачено еще 954 тысячи евро по Программе приграничного сотрудничества Польша – Россия 2014-2020. Гурьевский городской округ участвует в ней в партнерстве с польской гминой Млынары. На эти средства за два года будет проведена реконструкция трех водозаборов и 14 артезианских скважин, обеспечивающих водоснабжение поселков Большое Исаково, Малое Исаково, Васильково и Малое Васильково.

В администрации городского округа пояснили, что в целом на модернизацию объектов из местного бюджета ежегодно выделяется по 50 млн рублей, что явно недостаточно.

Своими силами эту проблему не решить

– По нашим подсчетам, на реконструкцию всей системы водоснабжения округа необходимо около 9 млрд. рублей, – отметил глава округа Сергей Подольский. – Своими силами эту проблему не решить. Поэтому наш муниципалитет активно участвует во всех программах и мерах поддержки.

Он рассказал, что разработана программа по модернизации коммунальной инфраструктуры округа на 2021-2025 годы, с общей суммой финансирования 2,4 млрд. рублей, основная часть будет выделена из местного бюджета. Также в стадии утверждения – инвестиционная программа на 2022-2023 годы, по которой на водоснабжение в основном из местного бюджета пойдет 536 млн рублей.

Тем временем, пока новые объекты инфраструктуры только планируются, жители продолжают платить за некачественную воду из-под кранов.

– Мы обращались и к губернатору, я готовил документы для прокуратуры, через наших депутатов Госдумы. Но здесь перетягивает мнение губернатора, который публично заявил, что если мы снизим стоимость услуги в связи с низким качеством воды, то все муниципальные "Водоканалы" обанкротятся. Но есть указ президента, который четко говорит: если качество коммунальной услуги не соответствует стандартам и нормативам, её стоимость должна быть снижена. А у нас получается, что плохая вода – железо, ржавчина, всякую живность вылавливают люди, а тарифы ежегодно растут. Я считаю это грубейшим нарушением федерального законодательства, – отмечает эксперт.

Вода в будущем в любом случае будет дорожать, говорит Георгий Самбурский, это связано с новыми санитарными правилами, введенными Роспотребнадзором, под которые придется подстраиваться региональным "Водоканалам". В частности, в три раза снижено допустимое значение хлороформа в воде. А также отменяется возможность незначительно отступать от допустимого значения жесткости воды. В некоторых регионах просто технологически невозможно довести воду до такого качества, считает Самбурский.

У нас вода вообще сильно недооценена, она практически дармовая

– Обманывать себя, что у нас вода качественная, смысла нет. И здесь Роспотребнадзор не так уж и неправ. Надо гармонизировать наше законодательство с соседней Европой, если там такие требования, почему у нас должны быть слабее? Просто у нас быстро, по щелчку все это включается. Чтобы подстроиться под эти требования, организация должна разработать планы по повышению качества питьевой воды. Это может растянуться на десять лет, и за это время надо накопить деньги, чтобы улучшить качество воды, – отметил Самбурский. – У нас вода вообще сильно недооценена, она практически дармовая. Если мы хотим, чтобы у нас из кранов текла питьевая вода, мы должны как-то сравнивать цену на воду с той же Германией, Польшей, технологии-то одинаково стоят. Главное, чтобы тариф не просто рос, а во имя качественной воды. А то у нас ежегодно рост идет на 4–5%, а толку никакого. И если речь о некачественной воде, то есть вы нам даете невесть какой компот, то давайте тариф пересматривайте! Люди должны сами проявлять активность, обращаться в суд.