One of the richest people in Primorye Dmitry Alekseev - about politics and society, about capital, creation and hatred

In the usual high -rise building of Vladivostok, billionaire Dmitry Alekseev lives - No. 154 in the ranking of the richest businessmen of the country according to Forbes. He did not acquire either a palace or a 80-meter yacht (and this is in a seaside city!), Nor even a gold brush. But in snowfalls it goes out to clean the yard and staircase near the house, he bakes pies, grows potatoes and honeysuckle in the country, masters aluminum welding. But the main thing is that Alekseev likes hundreds of thousands of ordinary Primorye and infuriates several “difficult” are a civil position.

In 2018, before the scandalous elections of the governor, he organized the “Offensions” movement and even developed the same application for observers so that falsification could be suppressed. The guarantees for those arrested on ridiculous accusations - scientist Alexander Shcherbatyuk and deputy Artem Samsonov spoke out and wrote publicly and wrote. He knocked out the ground for a long time, and in the summer of 2021 he gave Vladivostok a whole Nagorny park. He shows a great many examples of free -thinking and at the same time love for the native city. Many spoke about how Alekseev and his partners earned a fortune. The “new” talks with a strange oligarch about politics, the development of cities and the hinterland, the normal life of the rich man and the fear that they will “come”.

Help "New"
Alekseev Dmitry Yuryevich. 47 years old. In 1996 he graduated from the Far Eastern State Technical University (Faculty of Electronics and Radio Building, with a degree in an electrical engineer). The Director General and co -owner of DNS, who founded together in partners in 1998. According to Forbes estimates, his fortune in 2021 amounted to about $ 750 million. Member of the Political Council of the Party of Growth.

"Money is mine, and politics is not mine"

- I'm not an oligarch! - In response to my remark, Dmitry Alekseev laughs.

- I knew that you say so, checked with the dictionary. Of course, the oligarch. A person with great capital and affects politics.

- By the way, I do not influence politics with money. I know the Red Lines and I don’t invest money in politics.

- But what about the growth party?

- I give three pennies, and then the whole political tutus is angry with me and considers it a great trouble. Before each election, everyone starts: "Alekseev clamped money for political strategists." I not only clamped, I just really don’t spend them much.

- Why, by the way, do not spend?

- Who will let you spend? This can be on a yacht. It is impossible for politics. Because my money, and politics is not mine.

- Why do you need this growth party at all then?

- Politics is an art of possible. I do exactly as much as it turns out. But in a good way, I want the country to have a normal political system, a public discussion-including on political issues. So that this somehow affect the government ...

- Is there really no discussion? There are how many people go to rallies.

- Unfortunately, this is all that we have. Yes, and we have not had rallies for a long time. In addition, this is not a political process, this is such ... Look. Philosophers say that people differ in that they have learned to form joint beliefs and ideas, the image of the future, which is ultimately realized by joint efforts. Here is a policy, in my view, this is precisely the tool for the formation of joint beliefs, directions, ideology. Which leads to creative joint action. And our politics, unfortunately, has turned into a kind of instrument of difficultly restrained joint hatred. Some hate power, others-liberals, others-someone else. And this does not lead to any creative action.

The relations of the authorities and the people should not be “love”. A consensus should be formed regarding some action. And we now have problems with this.

In society, distrust is cultivated. Yesterday my child turned on Ren-TV. This is some kind of darkness. The theories of conspiracies, even to retell it. With a serious mine, it was said that the Americans found the Grail bowl, flew to the moon to fill it with moon soil, and this provided them with success in the development of the country. Something I was wearing from this ...

- Perhaps there is no dialogue between society and the authorities, because there are no real institutions of civil society, and existing - mainly simulacra?

- And the fact that does not fall into this paradigm becomes a foreign agent. Well, yes. Politics is a connection between the “customers” of the process in the form of citizens who should want and negotiate, what they want-and by the performers, that is, power.

In general, the stupid word "power". What power is she? These are executive organs with their functionality. He delegated part of the authority in certain areas where we must act together. Developing a public good is the goal of the government system.

One of my favorite linguistic research: there is still a difference in the words “manager” and “manager”. In the first, an element of dominance is heard: he is a boss, a clerk. The second is the coordinator, the organizer.

What is called, for example, by municipal power, is municipal management. He performs his functions, but this is not possession, not dominance. And so at all levels.

We need a market and freedom

- Do you think: the state normally supports the business in the pandemic?

- I myself do not like the wording of “maintaining business”. No need to support him! It is necessary to ensure that the markets work. And there is no need to plant entrepreneurs. And you need to support people, not business.

- It is clear that your party is not a party in the classical sense, it does not fight for power and does not try to compete with the same "United Russia". But this is quite an institution of civil society, you have exits to people who make decisions. Why did the “growth” still not defended entrepreneurs in the pandemic? After all, this Covid brought this business to the complete absence of the "rules of the game." Today your restaurant can work until midnight, tomorrow until 22:00, the day after tomorrow it is closed, then Katavasia with QR codes begins, in January they will ask you to bring snowdrops ...

- This is not news. For us, it was so before the pandemic. The business in such conditions is used to working. Entrepreneurs need a market and freedom. And the functioning of the markets must be monitored. The opposite movement "prohibit everything" is also power. It is necessary to deal with him. Fight.

- And how?

- So -so. The economy is so arranged that everything is very centralized in us, this is a problem. There are quiet backwaters that the state has not yet reached. The same cafes and restaurants - there is so far a market economy.

- You do not live in the palace, but in an ordinary house in the center of Vladivostok ...

- Well, this is a good house ... I bought an apartment there for a long time, in 2001 or a year. To say, for how much - everyone will cry. In the region of $ 600 per "square". I am comfortable to live like that. And normal people do not live in palaces.

- Well, you can’t invest in politics, but you can in a yacht. Where is the yacht?

- I tried, at first it was interesting, then I seemed to swim everywhere. But on the yacht there should be a captain, sailors ... And I cannot treat them as a function, and not as people. My boat was small, I did it myself. It is much more comfortable for me to live a medium-norm life.

For an entrepreneur, money is not gold brush, but a tool that you work.

Fresh entrepreneurial class does not draw the difference between dough and capital. And these are different things.

Merciful work was very rise in price, and all this became expensive and unfashionable. Butler, cook, driver, groom - for me these are strangers, why do I need them? At work, I interact with a large number of employees, and at home I want to be with my family. What, it is difficult to wash the dishes yourself or what? I have a small summer house, I plant potatoes there and not only. That I work with people, that my wife. And on the weekend I want to ... work with potatoes.

-I can’t name a single coastal capitalist who, in the last 10-15 years, has not been invested in the temple, but in the park. You built a Nagorny square in Vladivostok.

- The park is expensive. And it is difficult to do this to the Continne. And so it is not easy to find in this, and together-requires a certain agreement, coordination. For myself, I can come up with a goal, but the wider the circle of people, the more difficult it is to agree. I was lucky, I can get and spend 250 million. This is also a lot of money for me. And the golden toilet is not so expensive. Yes, and the palace-if someone has “free” 100 million, then a person will probably build a house for you. And no one can condemn for this.

- So, after all, Dom.rf (financial institution for development in the housing sector. Created by a decree of the Russian government - ed.) I did not want to give this plot of land for the park.

- We sorted out for a long time. It worked when this case entered the package of election promises [Governor of Primorye] Oleg Nikolayevich Kozhemyako. Remember that atmosphere when it was necessary to elect Oleg Nikolayevich with any methods? And for this business they were ready to do anything. As usual, you use the possibilities that are. In Vladivostok, you see, any construction is a complex quest when you are trying to find opportunities.

Satellite is a good idea

- You built a whole microdistrict in the Nadezhdinsky district. The beginning of the city of satellite is practically.

- It was also not easy. There was a military town, and it is not clear what to do with it. There were no interests, he was handed over to the municipality - and we bought it for rather large, but sane money. And this is one example of the normal development of the city: you buy land, money goes to the municipality budget, and he does something useful for this money (they rebuilt boiler houses for these funds, built houses for the resettlement of barracks). But when Dom.rf sells land and go somewhere ... they do not get into the budget, if that. This is a joint -stock company, of course, but it belongs to the state 100%!

Again - I understand where it came from. In the times of wild capitalism, the wild development of our government-the 2000s-land and property were also sold out, but the money also did not fall into the budget. And the implementation of Dom.rf stands on the concept of “it is still plundered in the field. Let us at least in one place put it all. ” And the story that it is better not to pull everything out in minks, but still organizing the right institutions of municipal self-government and the development of the region-this is not how it is not yet possible.

- By the way, about the mentioned city of the satellite - do you think a good idea?

- In the current conditions, this is one of the best undertakings. It is somehow necessary to build cities. The Ministry of Economics and the Ostrozvision took up a specific project. The modern economy is not about the fact that they built a plant, but around it huts. It develops differently.

People concentrate in those places where they want to live. And from the fact that they live there, the economy is developing.

- The keywords of "want to live." And who, of his own free will, wants to live in the city of a satellite? They fly away from Vladivostok.

- Not true. A wonderful survey was conducted - Mail.Ru did - where the Russians would like to go live. Moscow, Peter, Krasnodar, Sochi. Vladivostok - in fifth place. So about the fact that people fly away from Vladivostok with whole aircraft. Primorsky Territory - yes, is reduced. Vladivostok does not decrease. And he would have grown, but just physically could not - stupidly nowhere to live. All square meters where you can place a person are already busy. Just physically more than 600 thousand, does not fit. And the high cost of housing is a reflection that people want to live here, but cannot.

In my view, the development of the country is competition for people of different agglomerations, cities. Citizens want to live in comfortable, good, large cities. The larger the city, the more amenities, diversity and opportunities.

The struggle of admin resource and hatred

- This is all well with a balanced political system that will outline plans and will regulate their execution. In fact, the state machine every year is more difficult and more difficult to “make” the results of the elections. “United Russia” and the parties who joined it lose, the president’s rating is in doubt, the proteges of Moscow in the field are defeated. And you, for example, in the nominated for Primorye in 2018 (when the election results were canceled after the scandalous victory of the deputy communist) organized the “Right to Elections” movement and developed an application for independent observers. But you understand that if the elections pass as honestly and transparently as possible, a balanced system on which you have hopes will collapse?

- Yes, unfortunately, a situation has now been formed when the struggle of the administrative resource and hatred for everything. The Communists absorbed this hatred and, so to speak, embody. This is really a story not about development, not about creation, I do not really like it. In 2018, I worked with independent observers and at the same time actively campaigned for the acting governor Tarasenko.

There are momentary solutions, but there is a long game. Yes, I understand that, from the point of view of momentary solutions, it is necessary to choose a person at all costs. What was not enough Tarasenko? Probably, he would be a normal governor. Yes, I could not organize a full -fledged voter drive and lost the elections.

“You say so, as if this is some kind of common place.” Well, think, the drive ...

- So I explain. There is a dilemma between short -term tasks and long -term tasks. Imagine that you are the acting governor, supported by power, or political strategist. And you understand: if not a drive, then they will vote for Ishchenko ...

- So what?

- And what is good about that? In the short term, the victory of a protest, non -systemic candidate will lead to the fact that he will be cut out of the current system of government in the country. We have a good governor from the bad differs in that a good one can knock out money from Moscow, but a bad one cannot. When the capital once again saw that Primorye is a protest region, the victory of Kozhemyako “cost”, for example, 20 billion rubles to the budget of the region. And Ishchenko’s victory is conditionally, minus 10 billion. From the point of view of long -term confidence in power and building institutions - probably, it was necessary to give people to be mistaken and elect Ishchenko. Because the inhabitants of the region would understand that nothing good is happening. Want to experiment - please.

We won our communist, the region would enter the struggle and confrontation. Yes, in the long run, this is probably the right path. This would form the right political culture when people voted not just in spite.

You see, the Primorski chose Ishchenko not because they liked him, but because I wanted to show the figure in my pocket. And from the point of view of a long -term perspective - it is necessary to give people the opportunity to vote in spite.

Citizens must determine their fate themselves. After all, they are largely showed off because they are not allowed to choose.

The economy of large cities

- The elections are not falsified in large cities. The whole hinterland is redrawn with one wave of the artist's hand. All the best is always in large cities, this is logical. But the hinterland will just die out at such a pace.

-In Russia, about a third of the population lives in more or less large cities. Another third - in towns. Another third - in the villages. In order to maintain modern agriculture, maintain vehicles, 2-3% of the population in any country is enough. You will not even immediately name the industry of agriculture, which has not yet been industrialized. Poultry farms, cowsheds, pig farm, vegetable growing ... All this is no longer in the garden by the farmer. In Soviet times, people in the villages were held artificially, subsidized. A sharp transition to the 90s, when they stopped subsidizing, caused the collapse of agriculture. As a result, citizens do nothing, live in natural economy.

One of the national tasks is reform for the third part of people living in villages. We began to say that the hinterland will “die out” - so, of course, 30% of the population in the villages should not live. First of all, you should give them the opportunity to move to cities. Including pensioners, let them live closer to children and healthcare, and they can sit with their grandchildren, if that. This is better for everyone. What is more important for you: to maintain uniform fullness of the territory or so that people, firstly, are good, and secondly, would they themselves be included in the economy?

The modern economy is the economy of large cities where there are many people who correctly distribute the activities of each other.

System defect

-You constantly speak in support of the people who were arrested for ridiculous reasons-the deputy-communist Samsonov, who is obviously not ideologically close to you, or the scientist Shcherbatyuk, who is judged for cooperation with the Shanghai University. But it is clear that the state is now playing against these people.

- Just in the story of Shcherbatyuk, I believe that the state is not at all against him, but for. There are some defects in the system that led to the fact that he spent a certain time in prison. The system is skewed in favor of power management and is not balanced by civil society. And the power administration is not equal to the state.

And against Samsonov is not a state. In my opinion, this is a harmful, bad defect in the system. The idea “Why engage in politics, let's better transplant competitors” is bad. It harms the state.