If Putin still announces mobilization, will I be sent to Ukraine? And what will happen if I refuse to fight?

Explains the head of the "Agora" Pavel Chikov

Already May 9 - right at the Victory Parade - Vladimir Putin can allegedly announce mobilization in Russia, say Western media and officials. For example, the British Minister of Defense Ben Wallace said that he was “not surprised” if Putin says that now Russia “fights with the Nazis from around the world” - and will announce the need for a mass call. Medusa spoke with the head of the international human rights group "Agora" Pavel Chikov about who mobilization can threaten and whether it is possible to avoid calling.

- When can the authorities declare mobilization?

- It is necessary to make a reservation right away that mobilization in Russia has never been announced before, and the authoritiessay that they are not going to do this, so we can speak only hypothetically - within the framework of normative regulation that have never been applied in practice.

It must be understood that mobilization is a legal term, and it is regulated by the law "On mobilization preparation and mobilization in the Russian Federation." Mobilization can be declared if there is a corresponding presidential decree. This mechanism launches algorithms and procedures provided for by federal law.

According to the law, mobilization can be declared in case of aggression against Russia, an armed attack. The mobilization declaration legally means the recognition of Russia's location at war with another state. If the war goes on the territory of another country, then mobilization cannot be declared, since aggression , aggressive wars, is prohibited by international law, therefore mobilization is possible only within the framework of aggression from any side.

At the same time, the Russian authorities can regard the bombing of the Belgorod or Bryansk region with aggressive behavior. I do not think that if the authorities desired, there will be some problems to justify aggression.

- Who can be called in case of mobilization?

- If mobilization is announced, the decree will be spelled out who she will touch. Mobilization can be universal, or can be declared in a certain territory - then it will be called partial.

[In general] mobilization applies to men and women who are in stock. Women are subject to call if they have appropriate specialties, for example, doctors.

And who is in stock?

The stock is credited , including:

• Those who have already served in the armed forces and quit;
• graduates of military educational institutions;
• Those who have not undergone a call service without any legal grounds, but have already reached the age of 27 years;
• Those who did not serve because of the deferral have already reached 27 years;
• Those who did not serve, being limited to service or on some other grounds giving the right to release: for example, those who have an outstanding criminal record (regardless of age);
• have passed alternative civilian service;
• Women with a military study specialty .

-Will it be possible to leave the country?

- For citizens who are subject to call on mobilization, departure from the country may be limited, but this does not mean that it will be limited to everyone. If the decree says that men aged 27 to 60 years are subject to mobilization, as well as women who have military accounting specialties, then their departure may be difficult from the country. How these restrictions will be formulated, as they will be applied.

- How will a mobilization call take place?

- And hand over the summons, and they can even detain on the street. The police may be involved in assistance.

- What threatens the failure to appear on the agenda?

- Those who have no good reasons for failure to appear are facing a fine - from 500 to three thousand rubles.

- Who definitely will not be called?

- citizens who have the right to deferral from calling on mobilization.

Also, mobilization does not apply to young people under 27 years old who did not undergo military service on a call, but were not exempted from it - since they are not in reserve. If a person has a deferment from the call (and the delay from calling for military service and a deferment from the draft for mobilization are different things), then he did not serve in the army, which means that he is not in reserve and for this reason it is not subject to mobilization. I am an appeal for military service on mobilization are subject to citizens who are in reserve.

- What will happen to those who underwent an alternative service?

- People who undergo an alternative service can also be attracted, mobilization involves not only participation in hostilities. Citizens can be sent to work in the posts of civilian personnel of the Armed Forces - for example, they can be directed to work to provide medical care in hospitals.

- And if you have already left the country, then theoretically be sure to return in case of mobilization?

- The obligation to appear at the military registration and enlistment office will be the citizens who will receive a mobilization order - in the event of a delivery, a person is obliged to appear in the unit or at the military registration and enlistment office. If there is no way to hand it, then there is no obligation to appear, so people who are abroad should not go to Russia.

- Maybe there are specialties that exempt from service?

- There are no professions that are freed from service. There is no reason to be - this is either disease, or disability, or the serious state of health of a close relative. There is a rather large list, which is provided for by the Federal Law “On Military Duty and Military Service”.

- In the case of mobilization of conscripts, will they prepare for war?

- As for the persons who are in stock, it is assumed that they have already passed all the necessary military training. Therefore, they can be sent directly to the combat zone. They should not teach anything separately.

Only conscripts have an obligation to undergo additional training, they cannot send them to participate in hostilities without at least four -month training. But their mobilization does not concern, because they go in the direction related to the passage of military service.

- When mobilization, do you automatically become a military man?

- From the moment of mobilization, citizens who are called up become military personnel. Further, all their rights, the size of monetary allowance depend on their status and are regulated by the Law on Military Service.

At the same time as mobilization, martial law can be announced. For example, it can be declared in the border territories, but this is another legal status, which is regulated by another federal law . I can’t say how probably this is, while there was no such situation in Russia, so we can only draw all conclusions on the basis of existing laws.

Talked by Alexei Slavin