In Italy, the right coalition, led by modern "post -fascists," won the election. That's what you need to know about them

Unlike Berlusconi and other right, the “Italian brothers” criticize Putin and support Ukraine

In the parliamentary elections in Italy, the right coalition, led by the Italian Brothers, founded only 10 years ago-she gained about 26 percent of the vote, and her leader George Melony has every chance of becoming the first woman prime minister in the country. Meloni is especially distinguished by the background of its two less successful coalition partners-the former Minister of Internal Affairs of Matteo Salvini and four times the prime minister Silvio Berlusconi-who are pretty tired of the Italians, including because of the former friendship with Putin. While outside Italy itself they are horrified by the coming to the power of the “post-fascists”, Meloni herself is going to offer the country a rather typical mixture of anti-migrant and anti-LGBT rhetoric, and also promises to protect the “national interests” of Italy in the European Union. This party never participated in the government is only unusual for the Italian right -wing hostile position in relation to Russia.

If George Meloni really becomes the Prime Minister of Italy, then the right ones will come to power in this country for the first time since 2011, when the deadline has ended Silvio Berlusconi. Although other sources - for example, the American magazine Politico - generally believes that there has been no such right government in the country since the dictator Benito Mussolini. However, it is still impossible to unequivocally evaluate the program of the “brothers of Italy” - the party has never been in power, all the short years of its existence in the opposition, and has a rather flexible and changing ideology.

Speaking about the party, political scientists often use two terms with the prefix “post”: “post -fascist” and “posteological”

The “post -fascist” means not only that in 2012 it arose from the neopharyst organizations of Mussolini fans “Italian Social Movement” (her new party borrowed symbolism - a torch in the colors of the Italian flag, which, according to legend , is on the grave of Mussolini) and the “national alliance”. “Post” also means that the party, according to its leaders, overcame fascism, which allegedly does not throw its ominous shadow on it. “If I were a fascist, I would have said about it right. However, I'm not a fascist, ” says George Melony in an interview. True, she is in no hurry to criticize the country's fascist past and does not refuse the torch on the party’s emblem so as not to lose the voices of Mussolini fans.

Political scientists note that in recent decades in Italy, especially with a deterioration in the economic situation (in June, inflation in the country has reached the maximum value over 36 years), a form of rehabilitation of fascism has been observed. No one wants the return of those times, however, more and more people begin to believe that “not everything was so bad,” says the Italian journalist, specializing in the topic of neo -fascism, Paolo Beridsi. Therefore, Meloni, practically without commenting on the Mussolini era, may appear at the event accompanied by a dictator named Rakele (by the way, she represents her party in the election) and does not criticize the associates who arrange a solemn dinner in honor of the anniversary of the “march to Rome” .

The “post -deiological” means that this party has a flexible and rather blurry ideology that allows it to maneuver on a conservative agenda. For example, the “brothers of Italy” are quite sharply opposed to Russia and LGBT, but one can easily imagine that in another situation they would support Russia and LGBT - as their German colleagues from the “alternative for Germany”, where the open lesbian is one of the party leaders.

Political scientists believe that the time of the right -wing parties with a clearly defined ideology has passed, replacing the era with situations of situationally firing movements. “Right voters in Italy behave pragmatically. They often change parties inside the right camp and vote for a leader who at the moment seems more successful than others - the main thing is that he can stop the left, ” says political scientist Lorenzo de Sio.

Indeed, one of the problems of today's Italy is the extreme degree of polarization between the right and left camp, the dialogue between which is practically impossible. And the right ones come to power not with the slogans about the compromise and reconciliation in society.

Born in the family of writer Boulevard novels, at the age of 31 she became the minister

With their successes, the “brothers of Italy” owe their leader-45-year-old Jodge Melony (there are practically no more recognizable politicians in the party). Despite his relatively young age, Melony is an experienced politician with 30 years of experience.

She grew up in Rome in the family of a writer of Boulevard novels (her mother published 140 books under the pseudonym Joshi Bell), her father left the family early. Already at the age of 15, George entered the youth organization of the neo -fascist party "Italian Social Movement", which then was transformed into the party "National Alliance" - Meloni also entered there. Already at the age of 28, she became a deputy of the parliament, and in 31 - the Minister of Sports and Youth in the office of Silvio Berlusconi. After the National Alliance merged with “forward, Italy, several ultra -right deputies dissatisfied with the political style of Berlusconi, left the party and founded the“ brothers of Italy ”in 2012. Initially, she was headed by the triumvirate of politicians, but by 2014, Meloni remained the sole leader of the party.

Meloni, contrary to the reputation of the fascist, is a cheerful, charismatic, temperamental and acute woman who perfectly finds a common language with her voters, who scare inflation, fuel crisis and war in Ukraine. The question is whether the right coalition with it can lead the country through a difficult period or will be bent in trifles like the fight against the children's animated series “Pippe Pig” (“Italian brothers”declared a boycott to the cartoon after a white bear cub with same -sex parents appeared in it).

The European Union for the development of the situation in Italy is watched with concern. The Chairman of the European Commission Ursula von der Layen has alreadystated that the EU has “tools” if events in the country are developing in a non -democratic direction. But the Hungarian President Viktor Orban expressed his enthusiasm for his delight, writing about the coming to power in Italy "Friends sharing our vision." And some, as the French ultra -right politician Eric darmur, have already seen the coming in Europe of the new era - after the ultra -rights showed excellent results in the elections in Sweden and Italy. However, in order to become the prime minister, the consent of the Italian President Sergio Mattarella is necessary - and he had to upset plans to build governments. In particular, in 2018, the president did not approve the government of Giuseppe Contain, who tried to nominate Eurosceptics Paolo Savon to ministers of the economy.

Dmitry Vacedin