"The situation is much more complicated than last year." How a business is preparing to survive a non -working week

The upcoming non -working days will be so workers that even interesting, who are those Russians who bought all the tours to the hotels of Egypt on these dates.

Courier in the center of Moscow photo: Alexander Shcherbak/TASS

As the VPOST survey and “such cases” showed, almost everyone who can get to the workplace is going to work. The beauty industry is preparing to work in partisan mode, household goods and car dealers - with sanitary restrictions, and office employees, ITSHRIS, sales managers and the rest - almost as usual, because the authorities do not want and cannot pay simple.

Updated 19:28. “Friends, during the Lokdown, all services are officially banned! But no one forbids to come to the master to a cup of coffee, ”the famous Moscow stylist the other day sent this message the other day. Behind numerous emoticons there is an instruction: to call the cabin door, show the administrator through glass a smartphone with a code word or is it a word written on a piece of paper, and you will be taken on a haircut. Things are in a similar way in many other beauty salons - masters write down customers “to visit”.

In Moscow, by decree of Mayor Sergei Sobyanin from Thursday, October 28, on Sunday, November 7, trade and services will not work, except for stores for the sale of products and essential goods, as well as pharmacies. The activities of most companies should also be stopped.

In fact, as we found out, hypermarkets of goods for the house “Ob” and “Leroy Merlen” are going to work, partially - “Your House” and smaller household shops. Their employees explain the possibility of selling essential goods: if their share in the assortment exceeds the threshold calculated according to a special formula, then you can not close.

On the evening of October 27, Leroy Merlin store employees began to warn buyers that from tomorrow shops in Moscow and the region will work online. As the Leroy Merlin hotline operator specified, the trading halls of “the majority of stores in the region” will be closed, but it will be possible to arrive in them and pick up the goods ordered by phone or on the site

But all HOFF and Swedish IKEA stores will be closed - the recording on the hotline of the latter explains this by the fact that "the security of employees and visitors for us is a priority."

There have been no answers to official requests from these companies.

Even some dealerships will work in Moscow and the Moscow Region, for example, Rolf and Automiye, but with restrictions. You can’t let visitors go to the premises of the centers, but “we will try to make it not to deliver any inconveniences to those who wish to buy a car,” the VPOST correspondent was an employee of one of the dealerships of Rolf. The representative of Rolfa said that information about this mode of work is on the company's website. All calculations during this period are online or in the terminal.

The Avtomira manager clarified that communication with customers will go through the street, and transactions will be formalized online and pay for a bankrupt, such a regime in the company is called “distance”. Looking through the car in the cabin or conducting a test drive will not work.

As for small and medium-sized commercial structures-logistics and IT companies, wholesalers, advertising and marketing agencies, publishers and others, literally everything we spoke with.

“The position of our CEO is as follows: the company asks everyone to work, but cannot force anyone, we have a self -governing organization, and employees themselves can make such decisions. We are a B2B company, and many of our customers will work these days, and it is critical to provide them with support. The only thing we will work from the house to interrupt the chains of infection. Compared to the last locaun, we are better ready: all negotiations are equipped with large screens for the meetings, the boards with the tasks of the developers were transferred online, ”says Nadezhda Marincheva, marketing director of the MindBox marketing platform.

For many, the authorities simply do not offer the option of "not to work"

“It is generally good if half of the employees are at least somehow officially employed, the rest are at the age, with problem documents or running from the bailiffs, they receive a salary in envelopes, so if you walk, then only at their own expense, and then it is not a fact that the place will be preserved,” says Olga, an employee of the Moscow Region Logistic Company.

Everyone worked in the first Lockdown in the company, but for half the salary, because from home, and now you can come to the office, so at least they will pay more money, she hopes. The main thing that it was removed by the company from past non -working days is that it is extremely disadvantageous to draw up employees in the state, Olga believes.

“We work at random, we hope that the checks are not reached,” admits TD Irina, financial director of the wholesale company from the Yaroslavl region. The authorities there have not yet announced the exact procedure for the period of non -working days, but if they are introduced, the company will continue to work as usual.

“We have no one at all, out of 15 people, because there are no options: if at least some employee leaves this weekend, we will all be left just without a salary. Considering that we get a salary depending on how much we will ship, and the shipments are with us every day, respectively, the minus of at least one order - minus money and minus salary. ”

It is impossible to live beautifully

The restaurateurs, fitness centers, clothing stores, toys and other things are not so necessary to get into the list of beneficiaries.

In Moscow and the Moscow Region, restaurants will be able to work only for delivery, in many other regions-only during the day and in QR codes. Although the industry barely recovered from the previous locaun and an experiment with codes.

“We opened in March last year and immediately lost six months because of quarantine and remotes,” recalls Alla, the owner of the Moscow cafe “Almond”. - It didn’t work out for delivery, well, at least we agreed not to pay for a rent a couple of months. We will open again when it all ends, but definitely not earlier than winter. Own money was invested in the repair of the premises. They were lost. I can’t even imagine how those who have loans cope. ”

The new Lokdown is able to bring cafes and restaurants losses comparable to the previous one, because it can drag on much longer than a week: “We will lose again. Night catering will cease to work throughout the country, and the Bar Industry at Death, they have already been closed four times, ”Anastasia Tatulova, founder of the Anderson cafe network, public Ombudsman in the field of small and medium -sized businesses, builds gloomy forecasts.

The fitness industry was preparing for the new Locdown in advance, optimized all expenses, tried to include the possibility of suspension of activities and payments in lease agreements, says Olga Kiseleva, president of the Association of Operators of the Fitness Industry (AOFU). In 2020, many tenants had to pay for the premises, despite the closure, and this is 30% of the costs of the fitness center, she recalls.

There were few options: on salaries that make up 45-50% of the expenditure part of the budget, you will not move much, there is a shortage of qualified personnel on the market, a communal apartment, which accounts for 10-13%, is only growing. In Moscow, all fitness is closed, in other regions, QR codes are introduced, which lead to a drop in traffic and revenue in the first days by 80-90%, and not a longer horizon-by 50%.

“This is still a non -viable model for business,” Kiseleva admits. According to her, the fitness industry will lose 4-4.5 billion rubles due to the new Locks, of which 1.8-2 billion in Moscow. In 2020, the fitness industry lost 5 billion rubles, so the damage is comparable.

The work online for fitness is not salvation, Kiseleva continues: “In 2020, digital services brought the industry only 1-1.5% of standard gross revenue, so for us the suspension of work is very serious. The situation in 2021 is much more complicated than in 2020, because we entered it since 2019 and we had at least some resources. In 2020, we lost 40% of gross revenue for the year relative to 2019. This year, losses will be 50%. We have not accumulated a financial fat, there is no financial pillow! ”

Gulmira from Derbent (the name was changed at her request), the owner of the textile store, in the last Lokdown lost four employees-due to the fall in revenue-as well as the status of an individual entrepreneur, because her tax report was lost by mail.

She had so few clients after the pandemic that she does not see the point of re -register IP and continues to work only because her family has no other sources of income, except for her mother’s pension. During non -working days in November, the store will not open - still people do not come. Now, the woman says, there is nothing to lose: “Already there is nothing to abandon something - and so they refused everything. The only thing is only [remains] to close the store, but I don’t know where to put all the goods. ”

Why does state support not save business

The government is going to allocate 40 billion rubles as a support for the resumption of preferential lending to small and medium -sized businesses under the FOT 3.0 program . At about 10% per annum, enterprises that managed to save 90% of employees can count on loans.

“A loan for a year is a strange measure in such a situation. I’m not sure that someone will really take him from the victims, but the banks will be ozolly again, ”said the Ombudsman Tatulova.

Get this new loan in itself a problem, warns Kiselev from the Association of Fitness Industry Operators.

“They write to me from all regions that only those who received the previous“ FOT 2.0 ”loan in 2020 can count on it. But even then many had problems with this, because they worked on the OKVED code (all -Russian classifier of types of economic activity. - Approx. TD ), which did not fall into the list of injured industries , ”she recalls. -For example, I received a letter from the guys who were in the fitness center in the fitness center, and they had the main OKVED code in educational activities. In 2020, they did not fall under any business support measures, they changed the OKVED code, but since they did not receive credit 2.0, 3.0 will not be given to them either. ”

The wholesale company of Irina from the Yaroslavl region in April 2020 lost up to 90% of the turnover, but did not receive state support either, because it did not fit according to formal criteria. The government included in the list of injured sectors of 66 OKVED codes, although the crisis touched 161 types of business, recalls the dean of the Economic Department of the Russian University of Friendship of Peoples (RUDN) Yuri Moseikin.

The second measure of state support is a subsidy in the amount of the minimum wage (minimum wage) for one employee, but only those who formalized employees in the staff and did not hold it on contracts.

This will not save, Kiselev explains from Aofor: this year the minimum wage will not be Moscow, but federal, that is, not 20 thousand rubles, but 12 thousand rubles, and the employer will have to pay 30% of taxes from the subsidy, that is, the employee will have only 8,000 rubles.

According to Tatulova, for real business support, it is necessary to compensate enterprises for the entire period of downtime with official, white salaries, including taxes that the employer pays from these salaries. Tatulova also proposes to legislatively allow without payment of non -payment to terminate contracts in connection with the introduction of Lockdown.

“For all injured industries and regions, enterprises that paid taxes, a long -term interest -free loan in the amount of their taxes paid for 2020 or 2019, should be issued to enterprises and regions. As well as withdraw part of the taxes from the landlords in order to give the opportunity not to pay rent for a simple one - this measure has already been, and it must be resumed, ”Tatulova summarizes.

Last year’s experience has shown that only gratuitous support measures, such as the complete exemption from taxes and insurance premiums, are really effective for small and medium -sized businesses, says Natalya Nenasheva’s managing partner: “These measures are fair, business needs to compensate for the revenue that falls during non -working days.” In 2020, the total amount of economic assistance to Russian small and medium -sized businesses to combat the consequences of coronavirus was at the level of 2% of the gross domestic product (GDP), while, for example, in Germany, the authorities sent a third of the national GDP to compensate for the damage of entrepreneurs, recalls Nenashev.

In 2020, the “Rossiy Russia” estimated the losses of small businesses at 1 trillion rubles, or approximately 0.9% of GDP, and the Boris Titov entrepreneurs Commissioner - more than 1.5 trillion rubles, recalls the Dean of the Faculty of Economics, Yuri Moseikin.

Ombudsman Titov said that about a million enterprises were closed in Russia due to Pandemia, and at a meeting with President Vladimir Putin, he reported that state support measures are effective and everything is in order, Moseikin concludes.

Authors: Elena Komarova , Elena Vinogradova , Olga Mamedova

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