Take someone and break into pieces

A pensioner from Chema was accused of raping male monkeys. The story of one thing

Psychologists, lawyers and activists around the world have been arguing for not the first decade about how to relate to the sexual life of people with mental disability - and how much they are able to give a voluntary informed consent. In Russia, its own specifics: in the affairs of sexualized violence, where people with disorders are victims, the investigation should prove that the accused could not accept the helplessness of another person for his good will. “Cold” tells the story that happened in a small village near Chelyabinsk, in which a difficult issue of mental disability, sexualized violence and homophobia, have intertwined.

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The names of the alleged victims of sexualized violence and their relatives, as well as the name of the alleged rapist are changed.

In the fall of 2022, 51-year-old worker Anatoly Saburov from the village of Chesma went to meet his son from the day sanatorium, where he spends time twice a week on weekdays. He showed his son how to walk on the road correctly: he explained that he had to go along the edge so that the car would not knock down. His son Igor is 24 years old, and he has disability: children's cerebral paralysis and violation of intellectual development. The father describes him as a “big child”: he does not know how to read and write, but loves to communicate with other people.

At that time, another frequent visitor to the day sanatorium-57-year-old Nikolai Khoshimov, also a person with a violation of intellectual development went towards their house. On the way, Khoshimov suddenly began to tell Saburov “some Beliberd”: as if one of the inhabitants of the village show them “porn films” with Igor and after that “teaches” something.

Saburov, according to him, did not attach any importance to he heard: he decided that the neighbor climbs too much on the Internet, was worried about “stormy fantasies” in a dream and then “tells all kinds of heresy”.

Six months later, in April 2023, hundreds of media outlets replicated the news: in the village of Chesma they detained a pensioner who raped three men for a year and a half. There were many jokes in the comments to these news; The residents of Chesma themselves cheerfully wrote in local publics that once in a year and a half none of the victims was repulsed, then all participants liked what was happening. After it became clear that we are talking about people with disabilities, and a person accused of a crime lay down in a psychiatric hospital for examination, some of their neighbors were even stronger that they could not go about violence. “I apologize for the expression, the fagots found each other. They just decided to have sex, - one of the inhabitants of the village in a conversation with the “cold” came to this conclusion. - Well, they like to flog each other and money in a mug - okay, that. Nothing terrible there for the most part happened. ”

Like in a good movie

When he had a son, Anatoly Saburov was 27. His wife had to make a cesarean section, and the doctors injured the child with tongs. Igor did not begin to crawl for a long time; At one and a half he was given disability. When the son grew up, his parents tried to give him to a “specialized” school in Chelyabinsk - but from there, as his father recalls, they expelled for “restlessness”. In the end, he was taken to a boarding school near Chelyabinsk, there Igor spent most of his childhood. Meanwhile, his parents divorced, and Anatoly Saburov moved to live with his parents in Chem - a rural settlement for six thousand people two hours from Chelyabinsk. For a short vacation, her mother took her son from the boarding school to her, and in the summer and in the New Year Igor lived with his father.

When his son was 18, Anatoly Saburov issued guardianship over him and took to live to himself - otherwise Igor would be sent to a neuropsychiatric boarding school (in many Russian stumps, conditions are worse than in prison). Igor cannot live without a guardian, according to the law, he is considered incompetent: he does not know how to cook food and handle a gas stove, does not know how to count money. In the boarding school, Anatoly Saburov recalls, he was discouraged: “Well, think, they say, how you will live with your child, Tosi-Bosi.” But the father says that he had no thoughts to give his son under the custody of the state.

“I am even happy sometimes. Although they don’t say that, - Saburov stops. - Well, because he is still sick, inferior. But he will never betray. What he is treated to, he brings home, you need to treat the dad, without it in any way. There will be no one to eat without me. Not every child takes care of the Bata, fuck. We are like in a good movie, in short. "

In Chem, the life of Igor Saburov is on schedule: he goes to the pool and for sports training three times a week, spends two weekdays in the sanatorium. On weekends, it helps father and grandmother work in the garden. The main entertainment of the son, except for sports, is to listen to music, says Anatoly Saburov: “What we put, and he listens. When they lived in Chelyabinsk, for a concert with him “Play, accordion!” Walked, he is interesting. He is versatile in this regard. " (The correspondent of Kholoda tried to talk with Igor Saburov, but it was not possible to establish a dialogue with him on the phone.)

Although Anatoly Saburov understood that his son was developing physically and his body becomes an adult, he never spoke to him about sex. “This is a taboo for us, what are you,” says Saburov. “He does not know what it is.” He doesn’t watch the TV, but if he looks, he loves cartoons. Well, concerts. And it makes no difference to his movie, which and about what. He will better go outside, turn on the speakers and will listen to sit. So [sex] for him - closed, far for him. "

In addition to Igor, Saburov has a daughter - she is six years younger than her brother. When the children of Saburov were small, he never left them together alone, because “he was not one hundred percent sure” in Igor. “An animal reflex will work-who knows. That I was afraid, to be honest. "

Saburov is sure that their neighbor Nikolai Khoshimov for sex “has no traction”: “He only in Tiktock loves girls in all sorts of swimsuits. And so-he is sixth a dozen, but he never saw [he has] a woman. ”

Inalienable human quality

People with disabilities - not only mental, but also physical - often become victims of sexualized violence. “Sexualized violence is not about sex, but about violence, about dominance. Who is easier to dominate? On who cannot resist, ”explains the clinical psychologist, leader of the Stop PNI movement, Maria Sisneva.

Often another factor in such situations is that people with mental disability simply know very little about their own body and its borders. It is often difficult for parents to talk with children about sex, and it is even more difficult to do with special children. Sometimes guardians perceive their wards with intellectual disorders as people who, in principle, do not have sexuality - even if their body is physically developed. Specialists who are engaged in sexual education of people with disabilities appeared in Russia only recently, and they work not in state institutions, but on the basis of non -profit organizations.

Psychologists who work with people with mental disability say that they have met in their practice and those who are very interesting to sex, and those for whom such a thing does not seem to exist. “Human sexuality is a whole complex, and the central nervous system, the brain, also plays the main role in its formation,” says Marina Sisneva. However, even if a person has no attraction to others, this does not mean that he does not have sexuality, the psychologist Alena Legostaeva, an employee of the Center for medical pedagogy “Special Childhood” and the “Life Way” fund, adds one of the specialists who help to educate in the field of sexuality with the characteristics of development. “The presence of a body for all of us suggests that we have sexuality: this is an inalienable quality of a person inherent in him from birth,” the psychologist says. “It is important to proceed from this and help people treat their sexuality.”

You can talk about basic things with everyone: for example, explain the concept of intimate and public, is sure Legostaev. There are methods that allow you to talk about it even with people with strong intellectual disorders. This is behavioral therapy and its variety-ABA therapy (Applied Behavior Analysis, or applied behavior analysis). “For example, a teenager begins to masturbate everywhere,” says Legostaeva. “And we need him to do it only alone with himself.” We describe the criteria how we want him to do this. And we begin to say: here - no, you can - here. This rule can be formed using pictures, using gestures. Sometimes physically. A person begins to masturbate in the living room - we lead him to the bathroom. There are a lot of examples when such behavior was formed in a few months. ”

Among other things, people with impaired intellectual development often do not know how to say no. Even if people do not live in state institutions, but at home with guardians, their life still often takes place in an environment where they are taught to do what they say. “If a person was driven at home, then he was comfortable: he told him to wash the mug - washed, said to wash the toilet - washed it off, you don’t want to go to classes,” Logostaeva explains and explains: this also subjects such people to an additional risk of violence, and it would be more productive to “provide children with the opportunity to choose”.

Employees of the Special Childhood Center several years ago created an experimental group for growing people with developmental features - they talked about sexuality, how the body changes, about security in communication, about how to cope with different feelings. Talking with their parents, Alena Legostaeva noticed that recently many have had a request for their grown children to find a partner. Russian legislation does not allow people who are deprived of legal capacity to marry, but this does not mean that they cannot start and maintain a romantic relationship.

In small Russian cities and villages, this is almost impossible even for capable people with disabilities. The closer the community, the stronger the people in it are dependent on the opinions of others, explains one of the inhabitants of Chesma Maxim Glukhov. He himself has a disability associated with physical development. He is married and raises four children, but built his family, while he lived in a large city closest to the scam, Magnitogorsk. He met his future wife in training in adaptive athletics.

They grew up Maxim Glukhov in the village even less Chema, and it was sickening and hopeless there. At school, he said, he tried to start a relationship with the girl: at first she reciprocated, but then came to negate. From others, he learned that she was bored for the fact that she "communicates with a disabled person."

Among the inhabitants of Chesma, Maxim Glukhov does not know a single person with a disorder of intellectual development who could build a family. He says that he himself thought about how people with mental characteristics can satisfy the needs for sex. And he came to the conclusion that the best option for them is to direct this energy to creativity: to write poetry and engage in painting.

Moment of active consent

The fact that a resident of Chemam was accused of violence against Igor Saburov and Nikolai Khoshimov became known in April. According to the residents of the village, the investigation of this case began thanks to the local precinct; As she found out about what was happening, the “cold” could not be found out. When a criminal case was set, Anatoly Saburov in Odnoklassniki was written by his fellow villager, 62-year-old pensioner Pavel Shinkarev: “Please take the statement, I promise, this will not happen again” (as Saburov himself retells).

Shinkarev, who worked all his life at the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Plant, moved to Chem from the neighboring village eight years ago - after he broke up with his wife. In total, he was married four times-and divorced, as he himself tells the “cold”, because of the behavior of his wives: one of them, according to him, was very drank, the second “got into a sect” (as Shinkarev calls Jehovah's Witnesses). In the first marriage, Shinkarev had two daughters, but the mother after the divorce took them with her home, to Ukraine.

Having parted with his fourth wife, Shinkarev tried to find his school lover on the Internet, but he did not achieve success - and he was retired lonely. He had no relatives in the district, except for his niece and her two young children. For his niece, Shinkarev, as she herself says, was a caring uncle: he often came to his grandchildren with gifts, always agreed to understand them while his parents were busy.

Shinkarev sometimes spent the time in the daytime department, which was created in Chesme on the basis of the Center for Social Services. In it, the residents of the village who need support are fed, taught to use the computer and handle finances, organize consultations with a psychologist, conduct excursions, and engage in medical physical education and Scandinavian walking.

It is the department of daytime stay that Anatoly Saburov calls the “sanatorium” - and it was there that Shinkarev met his son Igor and Nikolai Khoshimov. Now he is accused of the fact that for months he called them to his home and there "committed violent acts of a sexual nature." In a conversation with the Cold, Shinkarev said that he invited men to his home to “drink tea” and that there was no sex between them: “I’ve been an impotent for five years, I can’t climb a woman, not like a man.”

In the testimony that he gave by the district police officer, Shinkarev said something else. “They forced me to admit everything - and what I did, and that I did not do,” he told the cold. - The mental impact was applied. I had to sign [recognition]. ” He believes that the guardians of the victims will slander him, although he does not know why. (Schinkarev’s niece also thinks.)

The Investigative Committee brought the prosecution to Pavel Shinkarev and released him on a recognizance not to leave. Soon after the investigation began, he himself came to a psychiatric clinic and asked him to hospitalize and examine, because the victims "bring him to suicide." He spent several weeks in the clinic; They wrote it out, according to him, with a diagnosis of mental disorder. Before that, he was given a psychiatric diagnosis only once: after a divorce from one of his wives in 2009, he turned to a specialist and found out that he had depression.

If a person, due to the characteristics of the psyche, did not realize what another was doing with him, or could not resist, sexualized actions with him qualify as violence using the helpless state of the victim. The investigation will not find out whether a person’s conscious, informed and voluntary consent to sex gave: as Tatyana Belova’s lawyer explains, in Russian legislation, which concerns crimes against sexual integrity, in principle there is no such thing as “consent”. Instead, the investigator with the help of a forensic psychological and psychiatric examination should establish whether a person was in a helpless state-roughly speaking, whether he could resist violence and whether he understood what they were doing with him. But just one fact of the helplessness of the victim is not enough. The investigator needs to prove in addition that the accused was aware that a person did not agree to sex, but simply could not object to him, and took advantage of it.

This approach is an indirect requirement to resist, which is sewn up in the definition of a “helpless state” - puts victims with mental disorders in a particularly vulnerable position, Belova believes. “Investigators do not always understand that if the victim generally understood what was happening and was physically not deprived of the opportunity to resist, but was afraid to do it or fell into a stupor, then this is also a helpless state,” the lawyer says. People with psyche disorders are suggestive and subordinated, and sexualized violence in their respect is often committed without physical coercion and threats - because they simply are not needed. “It is worth remembering that the inability to resist can be the result of not only a mental disorder in itself, but also fear, stress, frustration, and other factors,” says Tatyana Belova. “The ability of the victim with mental disorders to resist is often used as an argument in favor of the fact that there was no sexualized violence.”

It is difficult not only in Russia to investigate things in which people with mental disabilities. A few years ago, the United States had a great resonance , Anna Stubblefield, a professor of ethics from the University of Ratger in New Jersey. Stubblefield helped with communication a 35-year-old man with multiple developmental disabilities and fell in love with him. She claimed that the man reciprocated, but his family accused Stubblefield of sexualized violence. В 2016 году суд согласился, что мужчина не мог дать осознанное согласие на секс со Стабблфилд, и приговорил ее к 12 годам тюрьмы, однако затем на апелляции дело вернули на новое рассмотрение, которое сократило срок до уже отбытого; Стабблфилд вышла на свободу в 2018-м.

Однако подход американского суда к праву людей с инвалидностью на сексуальную жизнь не единственно возможный. В европейских странах не первый год ведутся дискуссии вокруг того, должны ли институции, помогающие людям с инвалидностью, учитывать их сексуальные потребности; в Швеции, например, ассистенты, работающие с такими людьми, могут помогать им реализовывать свое право на сексуальность. Отдельный сюжет, вокруг которого также идут споры, — суррогатные партнеры : это существующие в ряде стран сертифицированные профессионалы, которые помогают людям с инвалидностью исследовать свое тело и его потребности (и в том числе могут заниматься с ними сексом).

Способы достоверно определить, способен ли человек с нарушением интеллекта давать согласие на секс, науке пока неизвестны, говорит Алена Легостаева. «Так же, как и с нормотипичными людьми, сложно идентифицировать этот момент активного согласия, в обычной паре [бывает] тоже сложно это понять, — объясняет она. — Вопросы этики сложно протоколируются, трудно их сделать формальными. Чистых, стопроцентных способов определить, способен ли человек давать согласие на секс, нет».

Дело о насилии в отношении жителей Чесмы ведет управление Следственного комитета по Челябинской области; там отказались сообщить какую-либо информацию «Холоду», сославшись на тайну следствия. В пресс-службе регионального управления МВД тоже отказались говорить об этом деле.

В какой-то момент в разговоре с «Холодом» Павел Шинкарев срывается. «Не хочу я в тюрьму! He screams. — Я там погибну!»

Деревенские люди

Когда об обвинениях в насилии узнали жители Чесмы, Анатолию Сабурову пришлось читать комментарии к новостям об этом в соцсетях. It was unpleasant. Кто-то, например, был уверен, что предполагаемые жертвы «занимались проституцией за пузырь». «Вот когда их задницу затронут, тогда по-другому будут рассуждать, — говорит Сабуров. — Знаю я этих комментаторов — вон, каждый день их в магазине встречаю».

Теперь фигурантам дела и их семьям приходится жить в среде, где многие обращают внимание в этой истории не на насилие, а на гомосексуальность. «Сперва же информация была, что какой-то пожилой мужчина трахал инвалидов, грубо говоря. По первости, когда я об этом узнал, мысли были самосудом заняться. Взять кого-нибудь и разорвать на кусочки», — говорит Геннадий, житель поселка ( имя изменено по его просьбе ). Потом он обсудил этот случай с односельчанами и уверился, что между мужчинами все было по взаимному согласию. Геннадий не знаком ни с Шинкаревым, ни с его предполагаемыми жертвами.

«Мы все-таки здесь деревенские люди, учимся понимать друг друга, учимся понимать чужие слабости, — говорит Геннадий о том, как теперь относится к Павлу Шинкареву. — Но все равно для нас он пидарас». Так же он думает и о тех, кого Шинкарев приглашал к себе домой, — и удивляется: «Надо же было на такое согласиться». Почему он считает гомосексуальность неприемлемой для мужчин, Геннадий объяснить не может: «А вот когда девочки целуются, мне на это приятно смотреть и даже более чем интересно. Такой вот когнитивный диссонанс».

Похожим образом рассуждает о геях отец Игоря Анатолий Сабуров: «Ну вот сейчас сын пришел бы домой с сережками в ушах или накрашенный, как они там ходят, — я даже по-русски не могу свою реакцию описать. Нонсенс это для меня». Племянница Павла Шинкарева говорит, что прекратила бы любое общение с человеком, если бы узнала, что он гомосексуален.

Анатолий Сабуров рассказал «Холоду», что не воспринимал рассказы Николая Хошимова про «порнофильмы» всерьез, однако его знакомые в Чесме говорят другое. По их словам, он несколько месяцев подозревал, что над его сыном совершают насилие, но не говорил об этом никому, кроме своих друзей: выпив однажды, он пожаловался им, что не знает, что ему делать. Как говорит собеседник «Холода», Сабуров не шел в полицию, потому что боялся: если о произошедшем узнают в селе, сына затравят. «Не хотел, чтобы за сына плохо говорили. Стыдно было».