Winter will pass, summer will come - thanks to the party for this

The collapse in the housing and communal services system is commented by the ex-head of the Serpukhov district, the prisoner of the Tver pre-trial detention center Alexander Shestun

Behind the endless political landings of the current heating season, everyone somehow forgot about the ex-head of the Serpukhov district of MO Alexander Shestun. And we remembered him as soon as the pipes began to burst throughout the country - who knows this topic better than him? However, to transfer our questions and get the answers to Stewon, the month, for which the former mayor, remained at large, would have done something.

Meanwhile, the family of Shestun was evicted from the house, acquaintances and unfamiliar “in the area” was deprived of property and business, and a new criminal case was instituted against him for “disorganization of the institution ...” (Article 321 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation - up to five years). From those who organized our communication, we know that the reason for the “disorganization” was an attempt by the colony administration to take away the draft of his new book from the pole. To investigate this case, he was again transferred to the investigative insulator in Tver. The text of our questions and answers of the Shestun passed only purely stylistic, but not informative editing.

-Alexander Vyacheslavovich, we heard that you also give an oak with cellmates there, but in the eyes of most Russians this is at least somehow justified: "not a sanatorium." And what, in your opinion, are the causes of breakthroughs of boiler houses and pipes “in the will”?

- From my experience, I can only talk about the Moscow region, but I am sure that the diagnosis will be true for all regions. This is a system.

In my memory, the situation in the housing and communal services of the Moscow Region under the Governor Grave (1991–1995), when there was a privatization of enterprises along with boiler rooms, pipes and others, was catastrophic. At that time, I was a deputy of the Serpukhov district and actively attended all away meetings with residents on housing and communal services, accompanied by screams and swearing.

Boris Gromov (2000–2012) immediately after the election approved the program “Preparation for winter”, billions of amounts allocated annually. For 12 years, the Governor-General raised the quality of utilities. Disconnecting heat for a day was considered an emergency event. If his shifter Andrei Vorobyov continued to engage in this unpopular direction, today it would be possible to reach the level of disgrace of Moscow.

In the first year of governorship, Vorobyov removed the “Preparation for Winter” program, saying that municipalities themselves should invest in housing and communal services from the amounts of the amounts of fixed assets in tariffs.

But the crafty figures for the calculations of the rent do not take into account the loss of water, drains, heat from the leaky carriers, and they sometimes reach 50%. Most life support objects are unprofitable. It is also fraught with the tariff to build up the tariff. And if you fulfill environmental requirements, the losses of housing and communal services will become astronomical. In the Serpukhov district, when I was elected by its head in 2003, almost all treatment plants did not work, but directly dumped sewage sewers into the rivers.

There is only one way out-large investors are needed: somewhere in housing, and somewhere it is preferable to industrial facilities. We considered housing and communal services as "the salvation of drowning - the work of the drowning people themselves." In my being, the head in the Sports Palace "Nadezhda" for 1000 seats annually took place my report. On the plasma panel, we demonstrated income schedules from key taxpayers, regional and federal subventions on programs. And then I explained in detail the residents of the district all the costs of expenses. The housing and communal services block were the most detailed. I commented on all the nuances of the activities of the municipality, for half an hour answered any uncomfortable questions. Then, for about an hour, he talked with the inhabitants to the last petitioner, and the secretary led the protocol.

With me, tax collection in the Serpukhov district was always with a surplus. An annually 3-5 large new production facilities were introduced. But the Ministry of Finance of the Moscow Region, respectively, reduced the share of the municipality in personal income tax and other taxes. It turns out: the more investments, the less fees remain on Earth. This is beneficial only to those who work poorly, and these are most often appointed heads of administrations.

-Once I wrote about the case of the head of one village near Moscow, who resisted the developer. He, evading the official investments in the infrastructure, promised to help Nala, arranged a provocation, as a result, after justification by the first college of jury, the mayor was imprisoned the second time. How typ in this case?

- Moscow Region is an actively built -up region. About 10 million square meters of housing are introduced annually. An investment contract is concluded for each house with the obligations of investing in communal infrastructure. However, the closed mechanism for concluding contracts and the absence of standards leads to abuse. (...) There are many “inviolable” companies that plant entire microdistricts on a worn communal infrastructure. This is reflected not only on housing and communal services: for the same reason, the transport collapse in the suburbs, secondary roads do not expand at all.

During the time of Gromov, the building permit was given by the head of the municipality under the control of the examination of the regional government and the General Stannadzor. Without signatures, it was impossible to start the construction of the object, nor put it into operation. With the advent of Vorobyov, all permits for the construction and allocation of land went into the region. The mayors could not even allocate a plot for rent under the garden or give permission to build a barn. Investments in the Serpukhov district stopped completely.

When the district had the right to give permission from the district, we simply did not allow signing a contract in the sense of infrastructure. And when permission was handed over to the regions ... How to go with a pitchfork against the tank?

According to the investment contract, the developer also gave part of the apartments to the municipality for the waiting list. But in the Serpukhov district, the market value of housing in those years was almost equal to cost, and in the same Podolsk at the same cost it was twice as high. We did not seek to load a worn communal apartment with new houses. No more than 20 high -rise buildings were built in 15 years in the Serpukhov district. I talked about all investment contracts at reporting meetings and explained to the residents of the district that in such a situation it makes no sense to build more housing.

The case you are talking about, of course, I remember. But in the Moscow region, it is perhaps the only thing: most of the heads of municipalities acted more cunning or were on their share, and in extreme cases, understanding the impossibility of further resistance, simply surrendered and left “on their own”. In their place, the region’s administration planted the people they needed. The result is evident.

- Do you think that you need to wait for new accidents in this area?

- How else? The degree of wear of fixed assets of housing and communal services is growing steadily. In 2021, wear was 44.2%. The introduction of new objects of life support, of course, is also reduced. Even if you double the regional programs, the full restoration will take decades, but they are only reduced. In the new three-year budget of the Russian Federation, the expenses of housing and communal services are reduced from 881 billion in 2024 to 381 billion in 2026.

This short “blanket” must be pulled either on the legs or on the shoulders - the issue of priorities. In my youth, I worked in the textile industry and saw the residual principle of financing the industry: the weaving ghetto is in the elite microdistricts of science -city and military plants. And now, the housing and communal services programs will be sequestered primarily in favor of military towns. And the worn heating mains can be dangled for a long time - like Akaki Akakievich an old overcoat, which one fine day his acquaintance of the tailor simply refused to repair.

The huge staff of the Ministry of Housing and Public Utilities is not converted into the quality of work. There are few people who want to be firing administrative positions, so they take specialists on the announcement.

And the plumbing rate is generally ... 20 thousand rubles. Of course, it is worth waiting for new accidents and shutdowns on an even larger scale.

-Does the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation need at all (I mean the second part of this structure)? Would it be more logical to transfer the communal industry, along with financing, local governments, which, in any case, better possess the topic?

- The destruction of local self -government, of course, influenced the collapse of the housing and communal services, but in the emergency that the country has been going on for the past thirty years, just jumping back to local government would be like death. Of course, the elected mayor with powers rushed to an accident - as on an embrasure, so as not to lose the respect of voters. For me, the trust of the inhabitants was the main driving force. Appointers often only imitate activities for the governor.

- The governor, however, is an elected position.

- The communal collapse will not create any consequences for Andrei Vorobyov. A raven of a crow will not turn off the eyes. And how these elections are held, I, as a former head of the district, believe me, I know.

- In the well -known audio recordings made by you within the walls of the Presidential Administration, you were directly required to “surrender” the Serpukhov district. You said then that the Podolskie group claimed. Klimovsk, frozen this winter, also refers to Podolsk?

- “Podolsky” took the south of the Moscow Region under their control temporarily. Now the owner of the united Serpukhov with the science city of Pushchino and Protvino (as they call it as the people - Prosrushino) - President of the Boxing Federation of Umar Kremlev. In fairness, it should be noted that Klimovsk, where there was a major accident, was attached to Podolsk not so long ago. Although, if the so-called attached regions have become Russia, this does not automatically mean that housing and communal services will become exemplary there.

I am well aware of the long -standing history of the Klimovsk boiler room in the territory of the cartridge factory, which passed from hand to hands with criminal authorities and security forces as a private object. The regional structures, and even more so the district administration, could not affect them. Of course, there is nothing to judge the head of the boiler house in Klimovsk. There is no doubt that he informed the leadership of the shortcomings of the equipment. Both arrested in the case of an accident in Klimovsk - "switchmen". But during my own prison epic, I have already met hundreds of such.

- If you imagine that your sentence will suddenly be reviewed and you will be free, you would know what to do by the next winter?

- The mess is in no way connected with the seasons. And to restore order in the country, the replacement of power is needed. Without fundamental reforms, pulling out the housing and communal services from the economy and rebuild only it is impossible, but the general principle is understandable. The return of powers and the election of municipalities is the foundation of any civilized state. Any elected mayor considers the issue of housing and communal services to be key, and the appointed and viewing upwards simply drops it like ballast. Together with the population, local self -government should set the priorities of financing. Residents should feel like the true owners of the settlement.

It is necessary to make a transparent conclusion of investment contracts on a competitive basis. You can only or less burden the developer only according to the laws of the market.

It is necessary to invest many times more in the infrastructure. In the future, it is necessary to get away from financing housing and communal services from the state budget. Private business is always more effective.

Only where there are no investors, the municipality needs to be found from the local treasury. A private-state partnership has also established itself well.

This is my program. Maybe I’ll ever realize it, but for now, I beg you to forgive, I don’t see such opportunities for myself and for the country.