"Setting" - the resource of the nation

Fumigure depends on: propaganda - officials believe, good medicine - the opinion of the rest. And pregnant schoolgirls are their irresponsibility. Social questions data

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The Governor of the Oryol Region, who signed a decree on the payment of 100,000 Russian rubles to students of secondary schools who have been registered for pregnancy, became an example for the leaders of a number of other regions of the Russian Federation. Messages about this caused a discussion in the media. It seems that for the actions of governors and for the noise arising, the reasons were different. For governors, the criteria are indicated by which the president evaluates their activities. In these, what their name is KPI, immediately following the criterion No. 1 - the level of trust in the president - there are criteria such as the population and the total birth rate.

The intent of those who invented this KPI, apparently, was this: the better the governor will create the living conditions in the province, the more its inhabitants will give birth to children. And children are needed to straighten matters with a declining population.

Perhaps governors who understand that the birth rate, and with it, can’t even raise the population with it, in despair, they decided to use at least such a resource as the pregnancy of schoolgirls “by the Hall” in despair.

The noise from the public is probably caused by the fact that such a pregnancy is considered a scandalous event, disgrace and misfortune for a girl and her family, and how can the money be encouraged from governors.

The fact that the population of Russia is reduced is worried about those who think about Russia as a state, and that its national composition is changing, those who are worried about the fate of Russians as an ethnic group. The issues of morality, the problems of sexual culture and the problems of demography are intertwined in a complex node in the minds of modern mass people. The results of a survey, conducted on the initiative of the laboratory of the future Novaya Gazeta and Levada Center*, help to see these interweaving.

During the survey, the respondents were asked:

SURVEY
What do you think, which of the measures is most suitable for solving demographic problems in Russia?

Six answers were offered.

1. Financial stimulation of birth rate (maternity capital, etc.)

2. Creating an image of a large family as the norms of our society

3. Preferential mortgage for young families

4. The ban on abortion

5. Attracting new citizens from among migrants

6. Improving healthcare work

• “Attracting new migrant citizens”, many demographic specialists are considered the most effective measure for countries in such a demographic situation as Russia. However, among the population of the Russian Federation, he practically did not meet support. In the main part of the respondents, he was completely ignored, only for units among young respondents this path seemed attractive.

• “The ban on abortion” - this topic in our country does not have the political significance that it acquired in a number of Western countries. In our public, they see it as a humanistic problem, but the authorities consider it instrumental - as a means to slow down depopulation. In general, only 6% of Russians supported this measure as a means of solving a demographic problem. It is characteristic that at the same time, men more often protrude for abortions than women, and people who have come out of childbearing age are more often than young.

How much can PR, propaganda and advertising? The program “Creating the image of a large family as the norms of our society” was considered a successful means of solving the demographic problem of a little more than one tenth respondents, primarily among the superiors interviewed, but the housewives supported least of all.

Two paths are much more effective for people who are created and born to children and are born (25–39 years old): “financial stimulation of birth rate (maternity capital)” and “preferential mortgage for young families”. In the population as a whole, these measures support 25% and 22% respectively.

The path such as "improving the work of healthcare" is also effective for our citizens. In general, 24%spoke for it, among women - somewhat more often than among men, and among young people more often than among the elderly.

Then the question was asked about the topic of the mentioned discussion about the payments with the pregnant schoolgirls:

• What, first of all, will the introduction of one -time payments to schoolgirls at the birth of a child in many regions of Russia?

Some of the respondents agreed that these measures will contribute to the set goals. The answer “this will increase the birth rate through the creation of young families” chose 13%. And the humanistic consideration “This will reduce the number of abortions among schoolgirls” supported in all categories of the population about one tenth. The idea that “this stimulates schoolgirls to give birth to children for payments” was supported by 14%. It is important that among the youngest (18 years old - 24 years), the share of this answer is a third higher.

About 20% of respondents in various categories of the population said about these payments as follows: "This will not affect anything at all." This is the second most popular answer.

It remains to consider the most popular answer in combination with the most unpopular. Consider the two opinions that were actively discussed in online discussions. These opinions stand aside from demographic problems, from issues of female health, but affect the most important, in our opinion, the problem of culture and ethics in sexual relations.

The pregnancy of young girls, which is discussed in the described public discussion, is, of course, the result of sexual contact, in which none of the parties uses the means or techniques of contraception. Why is a question that requires special sexological research. We can assume that one of the reasons may be inexperience or lack of necessary knowledge and skills among partners. Another reason is that it is she who has chosen two answers that we will now demonstrate - this is the absence of the participants in the act of responsibility for its consequences. The two answers proposed to the respondents said that the payments discussed by the pregnant (and ready to bear the child) schoolgirls will only encourage the irresponsible behavior of partners.

• One answer: "It will only encourage the irresponsible behavior of girls",

• Another: "This will only encourage the irresponsible behavior of young men."

The fact that such a measure would encourage the irresponsible behavior of girls was answered by 25% of men and 35% of women, and that she would encourage the irresponsible behavior of young men, 5% of men and 4% of women said, that is, in the case of men at almost nine times less. Women are responsible for the consequences of sexual contacts among schoolchildren for a girl. Since in the older generation the predominance of response of girls is given significantly more often than in the more young reactions, we can conclude that we are dealing with traditional ideas, with norms that have the authority of custom.

So, our study showed that the payments to pregnant schoolgirls ready to give birth are measures that encourage what in society they consider “irresponsible behavior of girls”. At the same time, it is precisely the “financial stimulation of birth rate” that is in the eyes of society one of the main means in solving a demographic problem.

SURVEY
What do you think, which of the measures is most suitable for solving demographic problems in Russia?

1. Financial stimulation of birth rate (maternal capital, etc.) - 25%

2. The creation of the image of a large family as the norms of our society - 11

3. Preferential mortgage for young families - 22

4. Abortion ban - 6

5. Attracting new citizens from among migrants - 1

6. Improving healthcare work - 24

7. Another - 4

8. I find it difficult to answer - 7

Poll 2
What, first of all, will the introduction of one -time payments to schoolgirls at the birth of a child in many regions of Russia?

1. This will increase the birth rate through the creation of young families - 13%

2. This will reduce the number of abortions among schoolgirls - 11

3. This will only encourage the irresponsible behavior of girls - 30

4. This will only encourage the irresponsible behavior of young men - 5

5. This stimulates schoolgirls to give birth to children for payments - 14

6. This will not affect anything at all - 18

7. I find it difficult to answer - 10

* Recognized in Russia "ino -agent."