Russia today is in a deep “demographic hole”. Independent demographer and statistician Alexey Raksha speaks about this. According to him, the small generation of the 1990s and early 2000s is now giving birth, and this situation will continue for about another ten years. Raksha criticizes the authorities for distorting Rosstat data, which creates the illusion of growth. He points to an anti-record birth rate in 2025 and considers current measures ineffective: the state does not listen to demographers and confuses social policy with demographic policy. For real changes, in his opinion, we need a basic income and an increase in income of the population.