We continue to publish the materials of the project “The ABC of History from A (Vienna) to Z (Sina)”, prepared together with the portal “Your History”. As part of the project, leading Russian scientists, entrepreneurs and public figures tried to give their personal definition to the main terms and concepts in which Russia is aware of itself in the last quarter century. Every week on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, we will present to your attention one of these interpretations.

The intercontinental ballistic missile of the RS-24 Yars is successfully launched from the military cosmodrome Plesetsk, TASS reports. Training combat blocks of missiles with a given accuracy struck the target at the Kura training ground in Kamchatka, said the official representative of the Ministry of Defense Igor Egorov. The launch was made by joint combat calculation of the strategic missile forces and the airborne defense forces. In total, there are three Yars on combat duty.

For some time in science, a common place is believed that not a very fanatical restriction in food helps to increase life expectancy. This effect is observed in a variety of species from yeast to humans. The mechanism of this, however, is unknown. Speaking about a person, we can imagine that a contraction of the diet reduces weight, and reduced weight reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.

President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko approved the composition of the Ukrainian-NATO working group on military reform, according to the official website of the Ukrainian leader. Nine people are represented in the group, including the deputy secretary of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine Mikhail Koval, Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of Ukraine Tigran Avakyan, First Deputy Head of the Security Service of Ukraine Yuri Artyukhov.

On December 25, the dollar exchange rate at the auction on the Moscow Exchange for the first time since December 2 fell below 52 rubles. At the same time, the euro fell lower than the mark of 64 rubles. On the same day, the Minister of Finance of Russia Anton Siluanov said that the period of weakening of the ruble has ended, and a trend is currently observed to strengthen the national currency course. “The ruble has found balance and begins to strengthen,” he said.

The Belgian government asked King Philip to return from the Christmas holidays on December 30 - a day earlier than a planned deadline, reports Le Soir . This is due to the fact that the king must sign a number of decrees before the end of the year, which must be published on December 31 so that they can enter into force on January 1. The king is now resting with his family in Indonesia.

The destroyer of the US Navy with a controlled Donald Cook missile weapons will be included in the Black Sea, the sixth American fleet said . The measure is undertaken "to ensure peace and stability in the region." “The presence of a destroyer Donald Cook” means confirmation and at the same time a demonstration of our obligations to work closely with allies in NATO to strengthen the safety measures at sea, ”said the commander of the destroyer Charles Hampton.

The dollar and the euro have renewed minimums on the Moscow Exchange in the morning since the beginning of December. The dollar cost 51.88 rubles, which is 67 kopecks below the level of the previous closure. The euro rate amounted to 63.51 rubles, losing 1.04 rubles. The ruble is strengthened by the sixth day in a row against the background of an increase in oil prices. During this time, the dollar lost 9.6 rubles (18.5%), the euro - 12.2 rubles (19.2%).

The Skolkovo Closure Closure of Nuclear Technologies signed a cooperation agreement with the leading system integrator and supplier of the Kuka Systems GmbH production automation. The company intends to create an engineering and demonstration center KUKA in Skolkovo, as well as placing subsidiaries with Russian developers on the territory of the Skolkovo technopark.

The Baikonur cosmodrome launched a Soyuz-2.1B launch vehicle with a resource remote control spacecraft, Interfax reports with reference to a source in Roscosmos. The interlocutor of the news agency specified that the launch took place at 21:55 Moscow time. The area of ​​the fall of the first stage of the rocket is located on the territory of the Aktobe and Kostanay regions of Kazakhstan, the second step will fall in the territory of the Sverdlovsk region and the Perm Territory of Russia.

Inflation in annual terms will remain at a two -digit level throughout 2015 and by the end of next year can decrease to 10%. This was in an interview with Russia 24 by the head of the Ministry of Economic Development Alexei Ulyukaev. “The inflation forecast is heavy, high. Apparently, two -digit inflation will last the whole of 2015 with a large level at the end of the I - in the II quarter, but it will be quite high and then. At the end of the year, we predict a 10%level, ”said Ulyukaev.

Maria Blokhina Scholarships On Thursday, December 25, it became known that the Ministry of Education and Science proposed to index some of the scholarships paid to Russian students. The department believes that the procedure for the formation of a scholarship fund must be changed. It is planned to increase by 18% the volume of scholarships of full -time students who learn only “good” and “excellent”.

December 25 in the I.S. Turgenev took place the last lecture from the cycle “Public Lectures Polit.ru” in 2014. Her theme: "Cosmonautics in the next decades." Vitaly Lopot The lecture was given by the corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Vitaliy Alexandrovich Lopot-in the recent past, deputy director of the United Rocket and Space Corporation (OrcC). In 2007 - 2014, he was president and general designer of the RSC Energia. S.P.

The fall in GDP in 2015 can amount to about 4% with an oil price of $ 60 per barrel. This was stated by Minister of Finance Anton Siluanov, Interfax reports. The budget deficit in this case may amount to 3% of GDP. According to the department’s forecasts, the dollar for 2015 will be equal to 51 ruble at an oil price of $ 60 per barrel.

The victims of the accident in the Arkhangelsk region were three adults and a young child, Interfax reports with reference to the press service of the Holmogory road traffic control. According to the agency, the accident occurred on the 768th kilometer of the M8 “Kholmogory” highway in the Velsky district of the Arkhangelsk region. The driver of the car Renault made a forced stop on the roadway due to the malfunction of the car.