How Moscow and Beijing became friends and allies Sixty years ago, on February 14, 1950, in Moscow, in the presence of Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong, a Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance was signed between the USSR and the PRC. It was signed by Foreign Ministers Andrei Vyshinsky and Zhou Enlai. The document summed up the previous 55 years of bilateral relations, when the national interests of our country and China coincided in repelling Japanese aggression.