Give everything

The draft budget of the Pskov region for 2013 and the planning period 2014-2015. The region leads to the line of financial independence

The draft budget of the Pskov region for 2013 and the planning period 2014-2015. The region leads to the line of financial independence

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| | Governor Andrei Turchak chose a strategy for large credit borrowings for the budget of the Pskov Region, blocking his own income of the region. Photo: Alexander Sidorenko. |

The scandalous even for the Pskov regional assembly of deputies is a discussion of amendments to the budget of the Pskov region for 2012 at the September session of the regional parliament, when the leadership of the meeting was publicly loyal to the governor, the regional administration for the unacceptable deadlines for the provision of budget bills [ 1 ], as well as sharp statements by the leaders of all, except for “united Russia”, willing about readiness to vote against the project The budget for 2013, if the project was made “48 hours before the vote”, as the administration of Andrei Turchak was happening all three years, led to radical changes in the official submission of the regional budget: it was submitted to the meeting in the second week of October, published on the administration’s website and sentenced to pass through a number of procedures, up to a public hearing. All this made the budget topic number one in the regional media and almost overshadowed the main thing: its content. And the content of the project allows us to talk about the most risky budget in the financial parameters of the Pskov region for 10 years, the consequences of which will lead to the fact that the debts of the region in 2015 will exceed its own income.

It is possible that it was the crisis parameters of the regional budget and serious concerns for the negative information wave when discussing it prompted Governor Andrei Turchak to play ahead of the lead, and from the very beginning of the discussion to take the initiative of the public promotion of the project of the main budget law of the region.

For the deputy governor, head of the financial department of the region, Tatyana Barinova, a presentation was made on the main budget parameters, with which she made a publicly four times in the astronomical week: at a meeting of the regional administration on October 16, at a meeting of the governor with the heads of cities and regions of the region on October 17, at a meeting of the regional meeting on finance, budget and tax policy in the first half of 23 23 October and at public hearing on the budget of the region in the city cultural center of Pskov in the evening of the same day.

On the slides, histograms of income and expenses of the regional budget were dynamically uplifting, municipal budgets were poured with money, their own revenues grew.

Not familiar with finances and the real state of affairs in the Pskov region, a person would be ready to vote for such a budget in three readings immediately without reading.

But, in addition to presentations with beautiful pictures, there were other documents, the budget actually entered the regional meeting and presented on the official website of the region for public information.

With a careful study of hundreds of its parameters, the picture of the financial condition and budget prospects of the Pskov region is significantly different from the official presentation.

Billion, another billion

The main revenue line of the regional budget was loans - both commercial banks and budget (federal budget).

The total revenues of the regional budget are planned in the amount of 19 billion 58.2 million rubles, which is 86.9% of the updated budget of 2012.

The consolidated budget of the region (the amount of regional and municipal budgets) is 23 billion 304.5 million rubles, that is, the municipal component of the consolidated budget of the region (for all 26 cities and regions) is only 4 billion 246.3 million rubles. The centralization of the budget of the Pskov region at the level of regional authorities is essentially extraordinary and is 80.93%.

From a financial point of view of local self -government in the Pskov region, there is practically no.

In 2012, as of October 1, the regional administration took loans in commercial banks in the amount of 2 billion 499 million rubles, in the federal budget - for 953 million 530 thousand rubles.

At the same time, 380 million rubles were repaid. loans of commercial banks and 253 million 530 thousand rubles. loans from the federal budget.

In 2013, it is supposed to take 2 billion 607 million 773 thousand rubles on commercial banks, in 2014 - 3 billion 711 million 541 thousand rubles, in 2015 - 4 billion 767 million 258 thousand rubles.

At the federal budget, the Pskov region plans to borrow in 2013 - 1 billion 376 million rubles, in 2014 - 1 billion 94 million rubles, in 2015 - 1 billion 782 million 370 thousand rubles.

It plans to give the region significantly less: in 2013: 400 million rubles. commercial banks and 576 million federal budget, in 2014 - 1 billion 527 million 197 thousand rubles. commercial banks and 544 million rubles. Federal budget, in 2015 - 2 billion 470 million rubles. commercial banks and 1 billion 186 million 230 thousand rubles. federal budget.

As a result of increasing the volume of state internal borrowing, 231.4 million rubles were spent on serving the state debt of the region in 2012. (2% of the budget), in 2013, 590 million rubles are planned. (3% of the planned budget), in 2014 - 920 million rubles. (5% of the planned budget), in 2015 - 1 billion 40 million rubles. (5% of the planned budget).

Municipalities are also inevitably drawn into a credit funnel: annually from 2013 to 2015, inclusive, it is proposed to take 5 million rubles from the regional budget. short -term loans (to be returned within the financial year), as well as significant funds for a longer period: in 2013 - 189 million 579 thousand rubles, in 2014 - 372 million 341 thousand rubles, in 2015 - 330 million 660 thousand rubles. Accordingly, municipal budgets also take on part of the debt burden of the region.

At the same time, the standards of inter -budget regulation of the software, for example, are economically significant for income tax remain the same: all 100% of this tax revenues are credited to the region’s budget, which deprives the city and areas of any incentive to promote the emergence of successful enterprises in their territories: at any profit level, it will not replenish local budgets.

The own income of the Pskov region (incomes without taking into account gratuitous revenues) in 2012 amounted to 12 billion 67.1 million rubles, for 2013 they were planned in the amount of 12 billion 986.9 million rubles, for 2014 - 13 billion 897.3 million rubles, for 2015 - 14 billion 649.9 million rubles.

The upper limit of state internal debt of the region as of January 1, 2013 was established by the current budget of 7 billion 516.5 million rubles. (62.3% of the regional budget’s own revenues, when accepting the budget in December 2011, it was planned that the debt would only be 38.7% of the budget); As of January 1, 2014, the debt limit is scheduled for 10 billion 524 million 268 thousand rubles. (73.7% of the regional budget own revenues), as of January 1, 2015 - in the amount of 13 billion 258 million 612 thousand rubles. (88.5% of the regional budget own revenues), as of January 1, 2016 - in the amount of 16 billion 152 million 10 thousand rubles. (103.7% of the regional budget own revenues).

The limit of the permissible state internal debt for the regions is 100% of the budget’s own revenues, but until January 1, 2017, the “Delivery” was given: the debt can exceed 100% by the amount of the attracted budget loans, and the authors of the Pskov region for 2012 and subsequent years took advantage of this opportunity.

Thus, according to the results of the implementation of the proposed three-year budget (2013-2015), the Pskov region, according to formal budgetary indicators, acquires all the features of the bankrupt region, in which it is possible to introduce external management: the regional budget’s own revenues will not cover the loans taken by it.

The public explanation by Governor Andrei Turchak the logic of his budget policy is as follows: the federal budget offers large targeted funds for the implementation of infrastructure and social projects, but regional co -financing is required. Own income does not allow this co -financing to carry out, and to attract federal budget funds, you have to use loans, including commercial banks, the interest on which (from 7.5 to 10.5% per annum) and Andrei Turchak, and Tatyana Barinova is called “very good, profitable”.

Goals without programs

But even with such an ambiguous approach, the absolute figures of the regional budget for many expenditure items in 2013 were less than in 2012: the financing of articles in the National Economy section is 79.6%of the updated budget of 2012, including agriculture and fishing - 45.7%, water farm - 57.9%, forestry - 84.7%.

According to the “Housing and Communal Services” section, financing in the budget project is provided for in the amount of 57.4%of the updated budget of 2012, including the service of housing services-only 19.2%, for utilities-74.2%, and landscaping-70.5%.

89.2% of the updated expenses of 2012 is scheduled for the section “Environmental Protection”, 93.2% - for education, 66.8% for healthcare (modernization is over and federal funds with it), 47.7% for physical culture, only 14.1% for mass sport.

In extreme deficiency, most regional long -term targeted and departmental programs that carry a significant part of the budgetary obligations of the Pskov region.

For three targeted and six departmental programs, the budget project is not planned, despite the parameters of financing of these programs previously approved by the regional administration: “The development of the food and processing industry of the Pskov region for 2011-2013”, “Reconstruction of the centralized warning system of the Pskov region for 2010-2014”, “Creation of conditions for the development of gardening as a small form of conduct agriculture in the territory of the Pskov region in 2012-2015 ”, as well as departmental targeted programs“ A complex of measures for biological disposal of oil-containing waste in the city of Nevel of the Pskov region for 2012-2013 ”,“ Support for beginning farmers of the Pskov region for 2012-22014 ”,“ Development of family livestock farms based on peasant (farm) farms of the Pskov region for 2012-2014 years ”,“ development of reclamation systems of general and individual use owned by rural producers in the Pskov region for 2012-2014 ”,“ ensuring the epizootic well-being of the Pskov region for 2012-2014 ”,“ preventing the sum of the African swine for 2012-22, 2014 African plague ”.

Under the 16 regional target programs in the 2013 budget, underfunding is laid down compared to the previously approved financing plans: “Support for the indigenous people of STU (Seto) living in the Pechora district for 2011-2014” (instead of the scheduled 21 million 69 thousand rubles, “complex measures for the maintenance and improvement of military burials in the territory of the Pskov region for 2011-2013 ”(instead of 47 million 977.3 thousand rubles, 5 million rubles are planned),“ an affordable environment for 2011-2015 ”(instead of 15 million rubles. 12 million 85 thousand rubles),“ Improving the efficiency of budget expenditures of the Pskov region for 2011-2013 ”(instead of 44 million rubles. million rubles), “Support for the implementation of border and international cooperation programs in the Pskov region for 2012-2014” (instead of 2 million rubles. 1 million rubles is planned), “The Culture of the Pskov region in 2011-2015” (instead of 106 million rubles. 75 thousand rubles. 55 million 645 thousand rubles are planned, “The Cultural Heritage of the Pskov region for 2011-2015” ” (instead of 299 million 195 thousand rubles. It is planned to be 284 million 450 thousand rubles), “The development of physical culture and sports in the Pskov region for 2012-2015” (instead of 271 million 509.3 thousand rubles, 115 million 499 thousand rubles are planned), “The transition to the release of resources to consumers in accordance with the testimony of collective (common) metering of consumption metering in the Pskov region in the Pskov region in the Pskov region in the Pskov region in the Pskov region in the Pskov region in the Pskov region in the Pskov region in the Pskov region 2009-2015 ”(instead of 30 million 534.53 thousand rubles, 10 million rubles are planned),“ Improving the provision of medical care to the population of the Pskov region for oncological diseases for 2011-2015 ”(instead of 318 million 78 thousand rubles, 272 million 378 thousand rubles are planned,“ The development of road roads in the Pskov region for the period 2011-2015 years ”(instead of 2 billion 581 million 546 thousand rubles, 2 billion 274 million 608 thousand rubles are planned,“ security of forests from fires in the Pskov region in 2011-2015 ”(instead of 56 million 141 thousand rubles, 42 million 106 thousand rubles are planned,“ a set of measures to ensure the protection of the environment in the Pskovskaya territory areas for 2012-2014 ”(instead of 3 million 372 thousand rubles. It is planned 2 million 529 thousand rubles), “complex measures to safely handle pesticides in the Pskov region for 2011-2013” ​​(instead of 3 million rubles. 1 million rubles), “Development of cultural and cognitive tourism in the Pskov region for 2010-2016” (instead of 80 million rubles. 67 million 600 thousand rubles), “Development of development”, “Development of development. Education systems in the Pskov region for 2012-2014 ”(instead of 191 million 370 thousand rubles, 110 million rubles are planned).

In general, from the financing planned for these targeted programs in the amount of 4 billion 70 million 867.13 thousand rubles. It is planned to allocate 3 billion 284 million 900 thousand rubles, that is, underfunding is 785 million 967.13 thousand rubles.

In total, the regional budget for 2013 in the form in the form in the regional meeting for consideration in the first reading is 80.6% of the 2012 budget.

Meanwhile, financing of national expenses in 2013, which includes ensuring the activities of regional authorities, is growing compared to 2012 by a noticeable 39.5%.

Big and small tears

Behind the general dramatic parameters of the budget, many large and small tragedies are hidden.

The big city is large (in large numbers) problems, a small village is small. And the essence is the same: there is critically not enough money in the budgets, the main budgetary obligations are not fulfilled.

Pskov’s city authorities sent a detailed letter to the governor Andrei Turchak and to the regional meeting, in which 2 billion 520 million rubles were substantiated in the city budget for 2013. - The largest “shortage” in the last years.

The head of the city Ivan Tsetsersky , deputies of the City Duma and the head of the city administration Igor Cherednichenko painted in detail and made a letter to public:

“In the draft regional budget for 2013-2015, the city of Pskov, the city of Pskov, an additional rate of deductions from personal income tax at the amount of 6%, 5% and 4%, respectively (in 2012, the standard is 9%), which significantly limits the financing of the financing in full of priority expenses to ensure the life of the city of Pskov, since the tax on individuals is the tax on the income of individuals The main revenue source of the budget of the city of Pskov.

In connection with the constant shortage of budgetary funds, many acute problems have accumulated in the city related to bringing to the regulatory state of city roads and yards, overhaul of the housing fund, and the capital and current repairs of institutions of the socio-cultural sphere.

The administration of the city of Pskov appealed to the administration of the Pskov region with a request to consider the possibility of allocating the city of Pskov in 2013 for additional funds to finance the following events:

According to the industry "Housing and Communal Services" -1723.9 million rubles, including:

• Repair of public roads - 250.0 million rubles;
• Repair of courtyards and driveways to courtyards - 148.0 million rubles;
• the execution of court decisions on the overhaul of the housing stock - 266.0 million rubles;
• The content of roads and engineering structures on them (patching, cleaning green spaces, snow removal) - 225.0 million rubles;
• Repair of the bridge named after the 50th anniversary of October across the Velikaya River-185.0 million rubles;
• Overhaul of hydraulic structures on the Mirozhka river "Damb-2" on the street. Anniversary - 17.0 million rubles;
• Overhaul of the Soviet (Trinity) bridge across the Pskov River (production of project documentation) - 6.5 million rubles;
• anti -corrosion protection of the proletus structure of the Alexander Nevsky bridge - 20.0 million rubles;
• development of the water supply scheme of the city of Pskov - 7.0 million rubles;
• replacement of 224 elevators that have worked out the normative period - 448.0 million rubles;
• reconstruction of the boiler room of the Central District Hospital of the Pskov district - 38.0 million rubles;
• bringing networks and structures of the water supply and selection farm of the Central District Hospital of the Pskov district in accordance with the current rules of technical operation-31.4 million rubles;
• The execution of court decisions on the extraordinary provision of housing for citizens is 82.0 million rubles.

In the industry "Physical Culture and Sport" - 30.0 million rubles. including:

• The construction of the ski track for 1.5 km in the Korytovsky forest park - 15.0 million rubles;
• The manufacture of design estimates for the reconstruction of the Mashinostroitel stadium is 15.0 million rubles.

In the “Education” industry - 681.7 million rubles, including:

• Overhaul of kindergarten (former linguistic school) with equipment 200 additional places for preschool children - 30 million rubles;
• overhaul of kindergarten No. 7 - 40.0 million rubles;
• overhaul of kindergarten No. 51 - 25.0 million rubles;
• Overhaul of school No. 16 - 100.0 million rubles.
• major repairs of the preschool department of the school No. 22 - 35.0 million rubles;
• капитальный ремонт школы № 47 – 150 млн. руб.;
• капитальный ремонт Дома детского творчества – 50 млн. руб.;
• достройку и оборудование детского сада «Кресты» – 30 млн. руб.;
• строительство нового детского сада по ул. Коммунальной, д.74, и закупку оборудования для него – 60 млн. руб.;
• текущие ремонты в детских садах и школах – 76,5 млн. руб.;
• капитальные ремонты в детских садах и школах – 85,2 млн. руб.

По отрасли «Культура» – 25 млн. руб., в том числе на:

• капитальный ремонт МБОУ ДОД «Детская музыкальная школа № 1 им. Н. А. Римского-Корсакова» (объект культурного наследия регионального значения) – 20 млн. руб.;
• проведение срочных противопожарных мероприятий в МБУК «Городской культурный центр» – 5 млн. руб.

Кроме того, в целях сохранения доплат к заработной плате работников дошкольных образовательных учреждений, библиотек, педагогических работников музыкальных и спортивных школ, установленных на муниципальном уровне, необходимы средства в сумме 59,3 млн. руб.

В целом дополнительная потребность в ассигнованиях на 2013 год для финансирования социальной сферы и жилищно-коммунального хозяйства составляет 2 млрд. 520 млн. руб.

Резервов по значительному увеличению собственных доходов за счет доходов от использования и продажи муниципального имущества у города Пскова не имеется, в связи с тем, что в муниципальной казне осталось, в основном, только имущество, включенное в перечни для передачи в аренду субъектам малого и среднего предпринимательства и социально–ориентированным некоммерческим организациям».

Ответа по существу этого письмо пока нет, если не считать его зачтение в уничижительном тоне Андреем Турчаком на публичных слушаниях.

И рядом с этим письмом – еще одно обращение, от главы Звонской волости Опочецкого района Василия Федина :

«При формировании бюджета на 2013-1015 года администрация сельского поселения «Звонская волость» ходатайствует о выделении дополнительных финансовых средств для выполнения решений судов Опочецкого района по обеспечению мер пожарной безопасности… Для выполнения решений судов и оборудования 15 пожарных водоемов… администрация сельского поселения ходатайствует о выделении следующих средств: 2013 год – 420 000 руб., 2014 год – 441 420 руб., 2015 год – 461 725 руб.

Кроме того, необходимо исполнять решение Опочецкого районного суда… по содержанию мест захоронения. На оборудование 11 кладбищ, расположенных на территории поселения в соответствии с требованиями СанПин 2.1.2882-11 «Гигиенические требования к размещению, устройству и содержанию кладбищ, зданий и сооружений похоронного назначения» Администрация поселения… просит выделить следующие расходы: 2013 год – 183 000 руб., 2014 год – 192 395 руб., 2015 год – 159 408 руб.».

И здесь не скажешь: у кого щи пустые, а у кого – жемчуг мелкий. За каждой строчкой – бюджетные обязательства, часто подкрепленные решениями судов, юридические и моральные обязательства, рабочие места, налоги, здоровье людей, а иногда – человеческая жизнь.

• • +

Псковской области предложен бюджет, за которым нет полноценного завтрашнего дня. При таком бюджете, в существенной степени зависимом от внешних временных источников финансирования, уже совсем близкие 2015-2016 годы, если заложенные в проект бюджета на 2013-2015 годы тенденции сохранятся, вполне могут стать или временем введения внешнего управления в силу финансовой несостоятельности региона, или временем его присоединения к какому-либо более благополучному с бюджетной точки зрения субъекту Федерации.

Дело даже не в том, что жизнь в долг – это очень часто планы не по средствам, а в том, что, легко впитывая заемные ресурсы, Псковская область не создает из них ту, классическим экономическим языком выражаясь, прибавочную стоимость, которая позволила бы нарастить собственную экономическую базу, существенно увеличить собственные доходы, сократить объем долгов и выйти на реальный, а не накачанный кредитными средствами, бюджет развития.

The draft budget of the Pskov region for 2013 and the planning period 2014-2015. выглядит бюджетом амбиций, иллюзий и самообмана.

Но рано или поздно и руководитель области (не важно, кто им станет), и тысячи ее жителей неизбежно посмотрят этим цифрам в глаза. Потому что других при таком подходе к бюджетной политике – не будет.

Платить по счетам придется всем.

Во всяком случае, всем тем, кто планирует жить и работать в Псковской области.

Lev Schlosberg.

1 See: K. Minaev. «Мы вам не верим!» // «ПГ», № 38 (610) от 2-9 октября 2012 г.