Putin’s geopolitical ambitions and the outbreak of war practically destroyed the fifty-year gas alliance between Russia and Europe, which was based on the cooperation of the USSR/Russia primarily with Germany. However, replacing Russian gas will require time and long-term guarantees for new suppliers. But even in this case, gas will be more expensive, and this will reduce the competitiveness of German industry, which is the engine of the European economy.

The fall of the Russian economy as a result of the war and sanctions turned out to be much more modest than it was predicted at the beginning of the year. In the context of the regions, economic dynamics even look different - from a strong decline to impressive growth.

The war and sanctions have not inflicted as much damage on the Russian economy as analysts had predicted at the beginning of the year. Regional economic dynamics have been extremely varied in nature: ranging from sharp decline to impressive growth.

Putin's geopolitical ambitions and the unleashed war have almost destroyed the fifty-year gas alliance between Russia and Europe, which was based on cooperation between the USSR/Russia, primarily with Germany. However, replacing Russian gas will take time and require long-term guarantees for new suppliers. Yet even then, the gas would become more expensive, and this would reduce the competitiveness of German industry — the economic powerhouse of Europe.