An analysis of Russia’s export dynamics to Turkey over recent years shows that the restructuring of Russian exports in response to sanctions is far from complete, and a new round of their consequences is yet to unfold in the coming years. In the first stage, Russia lost access to the premium markets of Europe and, to some extent, the United States, where it had secured fairly strong positions over previous decades.

An analysis of the dynamics of Russian exports to Turkey in recent years shows that the restructuring of Russian exports due to sanctions has not yet ended and a new round of their consequences is yet to be experienced in the coming years. At the first stage, Russia lost access to the premium markets of Europe and partly the United States, where it had gained fairly strong positions in previous decades.